FOXA1 expression and its association with mucin expression and KRAS mutation in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for tumor progression and differentiation
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · Sep 2025
The authors examined FOXA1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry and KRAS mutation status across normal/benign ovarian tissues, mucinous ovarian tumors, and other ovarian epithelial carcinomas (total n=381). FOXA1 was commonly expressed in mucinous tumors and its expression correlated with MUC2; KRAS mutations increased with malignancy but were relatively enriched in FOXA1-negative cystadenomas. The authors propose that co-occurrence of KRAS mutation and FOXA1 expression may relate to tumor progression and intestinal-type differentiation.
Reported effects: FOXA1 expression in cystadenomas 73.6% · FOXA1 expression in borderline tumors 91.4% · +7 more
Key findings
- FOXA1 expression was significantly associated with mucinous histology in ovarian epithelial carcinomas (P < 0.001).
- In mucinous tumors, FOXA1 was expressed in 73.6% of cystadenomas, 91.4% of borderline tumors, 100% of borderline tumors with intraepithelial carcinomas, and 87.5% of carcinomas.
- MUC2 expression progressively increased from mucinous cystadenomas to borderline tumors (P < 0.050) and significantly correlated with FOXA1 expression (P = 0.024).
- The prevalence of KRAS mutations tended to increase with the malignancy of mucinous tumors (P < 0.050).
- KRAS mutations were significantly enriched in FOXA1-negative cystadenomas compared with FOXA1-positive cystadenomas (P < 0.050).
- A stepwise increase was noted in the percentage of both KRAS mutations and FOXA1 expression from cystadenoma to carcinoma.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed