ReviewReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Drugs · Jun 2026 · regulatory approval summary
Relacorilantepithelial ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerprimary peritoneal cancerpancreatic cancerprostate cancer Relacorilant is a non-steroidal, selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist being developed for several solid tumours and Cushing syndrome. The article reports that relacorilant received its first approval in the USA on 25 March 2026 for use in combination with nab-paclitaxel for adults with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer after 1-3 prior systemic regimens (at least one including bevacizumab). The article summarizes development milestones leading to this approval.
Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.
Key findings
- Relacorilant is a non-steroidal, selective glucocorticoid receptor II antagonist developed by Corcept Therapeutics.
- Relacorilant received first approval in the USA on 25 March 2026.
- Approval is for use in combination with nab-paclitaxel for adults with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer who have received 1-3 prior systemic treatment regimens, at least one of which included bevacizumab.
- Relacorilant is being developed for various solid tumours including ovarian, fallopian tube, peritoneal, pancreatic and prostate cancers, as well as for Cushing syndrome.
- The article summarizes milestones in the development of relacorilant leading to this approval.
Limitations: Abstract provides no efficacy or safety outcome data or numeric results from trials.; No trial design, sample size, or methods are reported in the abstract.; This is an approval/summary article, not primary trial data.; Geographic scope limited to a USA approval; supporting evidence is not detailed in the abstract..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewReported positivePreclinical onlyTier 1 · lab
Molecular biology reports · May 2026 · narrative review
Genisteinbreast cancerovarian cancerprostate cancergliomaneuroblastomahepatocellular carcinomalung cancerbladder cancerosteosarcomarhabdomyosarcoma This is a narrative review of the biological activities and potential therapeutic roles of soy isoflavones (including genistein and daidzein). The authors summarize proposed anticancer mechanisms (estrogen receptor modulation, apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, epigenetic effects, etc.) and report that in vitro and in vivo studies have shown promising results across a range of tumor types. They conclude that further research—especially studies combining isoflavones with established chemotherapeutics—is needed.
Studied with: chemotherapeutic agents.
Key findings
- Soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzein) have estrogenic and non-estrogenic activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects.
- Proposed anticancer mechanisms include modulation of estrogen receptors, copper ion-dependent induction of cell death, promotion of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, regulation of epigenetic processes, and effects on platelet function.
- Because of estrogen receptor interactions, isoflavones have been studied particularly in hormone-dependent cancers such as breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer.
- In vitro and in vivo studies have reported promising results in multiple malignancies (gliomas, neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung and bladder cancers, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma).
- Authors recommend further investigation, particularly combining isoflavones with established chemotherapeutics, to evaluate potential synergy.
Limitations: This article is a narrative review and does not present new clinical trial data.; The evidence summarized is primarily preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) with no clinical trial data provided in the abstract.; Mechanistic proposals are not proven clinical effects and require further experimental and clinical validation.; Safety and efficacy in patients, optimal dosing, and interactions with standard therapies are not established in this review..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human · observationalMechanismReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 33
Abdominal radiology (New York) · Mar 2026
low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC)high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC)serous borderline ovarian tumor (SBOT)epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)
This review summarizes the pathology, molecular biology, treatment options, and imaging appearances of low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) and serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOT). The authors present imaging of primary and metastatic LGSOC from a cohort of 33 pathologically proven patients and describe differences between LGSOC and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).
Key findings
- Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) represents 2-5% of ovarian carcinomas and 5-10% of serous ovarian carcinoma.
- LGSOC and HGSOC are now considered distinct entities with different molecular biology and clinical course.
- Because LGSOC is uncommon, published data on its imaging findings are limited.
- The paper presents imaging appearances of primary tumor and metastasis in a cohort of 33 patients with pathologically proven LGSOC.
- Since LGSOC often arise from serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOT), the imaging appearances of SBOT are described and contrasted with LGSOC.
Limitations: Review article with a small cohort (33 patients) reported — limited sample size.; Low prevalence of LGSOC leads to limited available data on imaging findings.; Abstract does not report prospective design or standardized imaging protocol, limiting generalizability.; No quantitative diagnostic performance metrics or outcomes reported in the abstract..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
Human · observationalReported positiveModerate evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 675901
International journal of epidemiology · Feb 2026 · pooled analysis of 10 prospective cohort studies
ovarian cancer
Investigators pooled data from 10 prospective cohorts including 675,901 participants (5,528 ovarian cancer cases) to examine repeat self-reported aspirin use and ovarian cancer risk. Overall, ever frequent aspirin use was not associated with ovarian cancer, but long-term use (>6 years) was associated with a lower risk (OR 0.86). The reduction was stronger among people with at least three ovarian cancer risk factors and was observed for long-term low-dose aspirin use but not for regular-dose aspirin.
Reported effects: ever frequent aspirin use OR 0.97 [0.91–1.03], n=675901 · long-term aspirin use (>6 years) OR 0.86 [0.77–0.97], n=675901 · +6 more
Key findings
- Ever frequent aspirin use was not associated with ovarian cancer (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.91-1.03).
- Long-term aspirin use (>6 years) was associated with a 14% lower ovarian cancer risk (OR 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77-0.97).
- The long-term use risk reduction was evident among individuals with at least three ovarian cancer risk factors (OR 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50-0.85) but not among those with fewer than three risk factors (OR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.82-1.08); P-interaction = .02.
- Reduced risks were also observed for low-dose aspirin (ever low-dose OR 0.90; 95% CI: 0.80-1.01; long-term low-dose OR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56-0.99) but not for ever regular-dose use (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 0.94-1.27).
Limitations: Observational design — cannot establish causality and subject to residual confounding.; Aspirin use was self-reported, which can lead to misclassification.; Definitions and numeric dosing of 'low-dose' versus 'regular-dose' are not specified in the abstract.; Although multiple time-updated exposure metrics were used, unmeasured or time-varying confounders may remain..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human · observationalMechanismReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 3 · early human
Cancer treatment and research communications · Jan 2026 · Spatial transcriptomics profiling integrated with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of tissues containing coexisting endometriosis and ovarian clear cell carcinoma regions
endometriosisovarian clear cell carcinomahigh-grade serous ovarian cancer
This study used spatial transcriptomics combined with single-cell RNA sequencing to compare molecular profiles of coexisting endometriosis and ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) regions in human tissue. The authors report shared molecular features between EMS and OCCC, greater transcriptomic similarity of severe uterine EMS to OCCC than to HGSOC, and classification of OCCC-specific genes into EMS epithelial cell-specific and tumor microenvironment-related groups that are associated with pathways linked to progression, invasion, and metabolic reprogramming.
Key findings
- Spatial transcriptomic profiling revealed shared molecular features between OCCC and EMS, including overexpression of genes related to tissue development and apoptosis.
- Integration with scRNA-seq data showed severe uterine EMS exhibited greater transcriptomic similarities to OCCC than to non-EAOC ovarian cancer subtypes such as HGSOC.
- OCCC-specific genes were classified into EMS epithelial cell-specific and tumor microenvironment-related categories.
- Identified gene sets and categories are associated with pathways implicated in tumor progression, invasion, and metabolic reprogramming.
- Findings support a transcriptomic progression pathway from EMS to OCCC and provide molecular insights relevant to etiology, diagnostics, and potential targeted strategies.
Limitations: Sample size and cohort details are not reported in the abstract.; Observational, transcriptomic profiling only — correlative data that cannot establish causal malignant transformation.; No functional validation experiments (e.g., in vitro/in vivo perturbation) are reported in the abstract to confirm mechanistic roles of identified genes or pathways.; Generalizability is unclear because the abstract does not describe the number or diversity of patients/tissues analyzed..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewInconclusiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · Dec 2025 · review
epithelial ovarian cancerhigh-grade serous ovarian cancerovarian clear cell carcinomaendometrioid ovarian carcinomamucinous ovarian carcinomalow-grade serous ovarian carcinomaovarian carcinosarcoma
This review describes the main genomic subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer and how those differences may help match patients to targeted therapies. It highlights PARP inhibitors, MAPK pathway inhibitors, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugate approaches that are being investigated for specific ovarian cancer types. The article also notes that resistance to PARP inhibitors remains a problem and that more evidence is needed for effective combination therapies.
Key findings
- High-grade serous ovarian cancer is linked mainly to homologous recombination repair gene alterations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2.
- Ovarian clear cell carcinoma is associated with ARID1A and PIK3CA alterations; endometrioid ovarian carcinoma with PIK3CA and KRAS; mucinous ovarian carcinoma with CDKN2A and KRAS; and low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma with MAPK pathway genes such as BRAF and KRAS.
- PARP inhibitor therapy has improved survival for women with homologous recombination repair defects in high-grade serous ovarian cancer, but acquired resistance remains an issue.
- The review emphasizes that genomically targeted combination therapies are urgently needed and that some reported responses are preliminary.
Limitations: Review article only; no new experimental or clinical data presented in the abstract.; No quantitative outcomes or effect sizes are reported in the abstract.; The abstract is broad and does not provide trial-level details, sample sizes, or follow-up durations.; Some therapies discussed are preliminary and require further evidence..
The article is about ovarian cancer genomics and targeted therapies, not a single compound experiment.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
ReviewMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Hematology/oncology clinics of North America · Dec 2025 · literature review
ovarian cancer
This review summarizes evidence about secondary cytoreductive surgery before chemotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer. It reports that complete gross resection is the most important factor associated with benefit and that selection criteria to predict this outcome have been developed and validated. Three recent multicenter randomized trials reported mixed results, but a meta-analysis suggests a benefit, particularly in patients with complete gross resection.
Studied with: chemotherapy.
Key findings
- Use of secondary cytoreductive surgery before standard chemotherapy in recurrent ovarian cancer is controversial.
- Patient and disease factors that correlate with benefit from surgery have been identified.
- Complete gross resection of disease is the most important factor for benefit.
- Selection criteria have been developed and validated to predict likelihood of complete gross resection.
- Three parallel multicenter randomized controlled trials of secondary cytoreduction have shown mixed results.
- A meta-analysis suggests a benefit, particularly in those with complete gross resection of disease.
Limitations: This is a literature review rather than primary experimental data.; The randomized controlled trials summarized are reported as having mixed results, reducing certainty.; Apparent benefit is concentrated in patients achieving complete gross resection, which may limit generalizability to all recurrent ovarian cancer patients.; No quantitative results or trial details (sample sizes, effect sizes, p-values) are provided in the abstract..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMechanismMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Oncology research · Nov 2025 · narrative review
ovarian endometrioid carcinomaepithelial ovarian cancer
This narrative review summarizes contemporary evidence about ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC), applying the endometrial cancer molecular taxonomy (POLE‑ultramutated, MMRd, p53‑abnormal, NSMP) to OEC. The authors report that OEC is enriched for Lynch syndrome and recommend routine MMR testing; POLEmut/MMRd tumors generally have favorable outcomes and may be candidates for de‑escalation or immunotherapy, while p53‑abnormal/high‑grade tumors have poorer prognosis and may need intensified management or HRD‑directed strategies.
Reported effect: proportion_of_epithelial_ovarian_cancers 10%
Studied with: immune checkpoint inhibitors, HRD-directed strategies.
Key findings
- Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC) accounts for ~10% of epithelial ovarian cancers and displays broad morphologic diversity that complicates diagnosis and grading.
- The endometrial cancer molecular taxonomy (POLE‑ultramutated, MMRd, p53‑abnormal, NSMP) also applies to OEC.
- OEC is enriched for Lynch syndrome‑associated tumors, supporting routine MMR testing.
- Integrating morphology with molecular classification refines diagnosis and prognostication.
- POLEmut/MMRd subsets generally have excellent outcomes and are candidates for de‑escalation or immunotherapy.
- p53abn/high‑grade tumors carry a poorer prognosis and may warrant intensified management and trials of HRD‑directed strategies.
- Routine MMR immunohistochemistry with reflex germline testing improves Lynch detection.
- Future priorities include prospective validation and multi‑omics to refine NSMP and identify new targets.
Limitations: Narrative review rather than primary research; no new patient‑level data reported.; Recommendations (e.g., de‑escalation, therapeutic strategies) lack prospective validation in OEC as noted by the authors.; Broad morphologic diversity and diagnostic/grading challenges in OEC may limit generalizability of some recommendations.; NSMP group remains heterogeneous and requires further molecular refinement per the authors..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
ReviewInconclusiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.) · Oct 2025
ovarian cancer
This narrative review summarizes current knowledge about ovarian cancer, noting it is a heterogeneous group of diseases with the most common subtype being high-grade serous epithelial tumors. It highlights genetic risk factors (BRCA1/BRCA2 and mismatch repair genes), the lack of effective screening leading to advanced-stage diagnosis, and that management commonly involves specialized surgery and combination chemotherapy; prognosis varies by stage, grade, and histologic subtype.
Studied with: surgery, combination chemotherapy.
Key findings
- Ovarian cancer is heterogeneous with multiple types and subtypes.
- The most common variety is the high-grade serous epithelial tumor (reported as 70%-80% of cases).
- Positive family history and susceptibility genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, and mismatch repair genes) increase risk.
- Effective screening tools are lacking, so most cancers are diagnosed at advanced stages.
- Diagnosis and accurate staging usually require tissue sampling and extensive debulking surgery performed by gynecologic oncology specialists.
- Combination chemotherapy is commonly used before or after surgery, or as primary treatment for advanced disease.
- Mortality rates vary by stage, grade, and tumor type; some less common subtypes (sex cord stromal, germ cell, borderline epithelial) have better survival.
Limitations: Narrative review rather than original research; no new primary data reported in the abstract.; Abstract does not specify methods (systematic search, inclusion criteria), so potential for selection bias in reviewed literature.; No quantitative outcomes, effect sizes, or detailed evidence levels are provided in the abstract..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewReported positiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · Sep 2025 · narrative review
ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerperitoneal cancerepithelial ovarian cancersovarian germ cell malignanciesovarian stromal malignancies
This is a narrative review updating FIGO staging and summarizing current knowledge on ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers. It describes the 2014 FIGO staging revisions (including subdivisions of Stage IC and IIIC/IIIA) and summarizes genetics, surgical management, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and aspects of germ cell and stromal ovarian malignancies. The review notes that high-grade serous carcinoma is the most common histology and that no feasible screening strategies currently exist.
Key findings
- FIGO's 2014 staging revision groups ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers in the same system and subdivides Stage IC into IC1 (surgical spill), IC2 (preoperative capsule rupture or tumor on surface), and IC3 (malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings).
- Stage IIIC was revised to include a category for spread to retroperitoneal lymph nodes without intraperitoneal dissemination, subdivided into IIIA1(i) (metastasis ≤10 mm) and IIIA1(ii) (metastasis >10 mm); Stage IIIA2 is now defined as microscopic extrapelvic peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes.
- Most of these malignancies are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs).
- There are currently no feasible screening strategies for ovarian cancer.
- Diagnosis, treatment, surveillance, and survival have improved due to advances in radiology, pathology, genomics, and molecular biology, and individualized care emphasizes precision surgery to limit morbidity.
- Germline genetic analysis and identification of somatic mutations in tumor tissue provide data informing the use of targeted agents and immunotherapy; the review also covers chemotherapy and management of germ cell and stromal ovarian malignancies.
Limitations: Narrative review with no original patient-level data presented; Abstract does not report review methods, search strategy, or criteria for evidence selection (not identified as a systematic review or meta-analysis); No new primary quantitative data or pooled estimates provided in this abstract.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
OtherMechanismReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 3 · early human
Cancer cell · Aug 2025
ovarian cancer
The paper reports that Ghisoni et al. integrated multiomic and functional analyses related to ovarian cancer. They propose a roadmap for biomarker-driven therapy and suggest immune phenotyping could be used in clinical stratification to address recurrence.
Key findings
- Ghisoni et al. integrated multiomic and functional analyses in ovarian cancer.
- The authors provide a roadmap for biomarker-driven therapy in ovarian cancer.
- They suggest that immune phenotyping could be incorporated into clinical stratification to address recurrence.
Limitations: Abstract provides no methodological details, sample sizes, or quantitative results.; Findings are presented as a proposed roadmap/suggestion; clinical validation is not described in the abstract.; Unclear which specific datasets, cohorts, or experimental models were analyzed from the abstract alone..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMechanismInconclusiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Cells · Aug 2025 · review
mucinous ovarian carcinomaovarian cancer
This review summarizes recent treatment ideas and biomarkers for mucinous ovarian carcinoma, a rare type of ovarian cancer. It discusses targeted therapies such as HER2 inhibitors and KRASG12C inhibitors, as well as checkpoint inhibitors and other newer strategies. The abstract does not report results from a new experiment or clinical trial, only a synthesis of the literature.
Key findings
- Mucinous ovarian carcinoma is described as having frequent KRAS mutations and HER2 amplifications.
- The review highlights HER2 inhibitors and KRASG12C inhibitors as targeted therapy options under discussion.
- Checkpoint inhibitors are noted as potentially useful in tumors with high PD-L1 expression or tumor mutational burden.
- The abstract mentions antibody-drug conjugates, synthetic lethality approaches, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors as emerging strategies.
Limitations: Review article only; no original patient, animal, or cell-line data in the abstract.; No quantitative outcomes, response rates, or survival data are reported.; The abstract is broad and does not specify which therapies were tested in which settings.; Potential clinical benefit is discussed as promising or potential, not demonstrated in this abstract..
This is a review of therapies and biomarkers in a specific ovarian cancer subtype, not a primary efficacy study.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human · observationalSupportive careMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 267586
Journal of the National Cancer Institute · Aug 2025 · prospective cohort study
Supportive carecervical cancerHodgkin lymphomaprostate cancerbreast cancercolorectal cancerlung cancerendometrial canceroral cavity and pharynx cancerkidney cancerovarian cancersarcomamelanomaleukemia
Researchers followed participants in three large prospective cohorts for up to 36 years to examine whether a cancer diagnosis was associated with later atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). They documented 4,334 new ASCVD events among 49,603 incident cancer cases and found that cervical cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma were associated with higher ASCVD risk, prostate cancer with slightly lower risk, and that ASCVD risk trajectories over time varied by cancer type (for example, breast cancer survivors had lower ASCVD risk for the first 7.5 years, then risk increased).
Reported effects: new-onset ASCVD events among incident cancer cases 4334, n=49603 · cervical cancer HR 1.56 [1.06–2.29] · +6 more
Key findings
- During up to 36 years of follow-up, 4,334 new-onset ASCVD events among 49,603 incident cancer cases were documented.
- Cervical cancer was associated with increased ASCVD incidence (HR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.06 to 2.29).
- Hodgkin lymphoma was associated with increased ASCVD incidence (HR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.89 to 4.15).
- Prostate cancer was associated with lower ASCVD incidence (HR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85 to 0.97).
- Breast cancer survivors experienced lower ASCVD risk during the first 7.5 years after diagnosis, but risk gradually increased afterward (Pnonlinearity = .01).
- ASCVD risk increased over time among patients with cancers of the colorectum (P = .003), lung (P = .002), and endometrium (P = .04).
- No statistically significant association with ASCVD risk was observed for cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, kidney, or ovary; sarcoma; melanoma; or leukemia.
Limitations: Observational cohort design cannot establish causality.; Potential for residual confounding despite multivariable adjustment.; Cohorts consist of nurses and health professionals, which may limit generalizability to other populations.; Abstract does not report details on cancer stage or treatments, which could influence ASCVD risk..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human · observationalMechanismMixed resultsLimited evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 300
Molecular therapy. Oncology · Jul 2025 · proteomic analysis of tumor and control tissue samples
epithelial ovarian cancerovarian carcinomaborderline ovarian tumorbenign ovarian tumor
The authors performed proteomic analysis on 300 patient samples across four main epithelial ovarian cancer histotypes, plus borderline and benign tumors, to find differentially abundant proteins and candidate biomarker panels. They report multiple proteins (e.g., SNCG, S100A1, VWA2, AGR2, CTH, SPINK1) that distinguish tissues, and survival analyses that linked GLYR1, RPL12, GDPGP1, and POLR2M to more favorable outcomes and SDF4, PPP3CC, EIF2AK2, and STX6 to worse outcomes. The study presents histotype-specific protein attributes that the authors propose could inform diagnosis and prognosis, but these candidates require further validation.
Key findings
- Proteomic data from 300 patient samples were used to identify differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) across EOC histotypes and control tissues.
- Identified DAPs included SNCG, S100A1, VWA2, AGR2, CTH, and SPINK1 that contributed to biomarker panels stratifying tissues.
- Enrichment of biological processes was observed to profile histotypes and involve the identified DAPs.
- Survival analysis identified candidate prognostic biomarkers with histotype-specific associations: GLYR1, RPL12, GDPGP1, and POLR2M were associated with favorable outcomes.
- Survival analysis also linked SDF4, PPP3CC, EIF2AK2, and STX6 with unfavorable outcomes.
Limitations: Observational proteomic profiling without interventional or functional validation experiments reported in the abstract.; No independent external validation cohort is mentioned in the abstract.; Abstract does not report adjustment for clinical confounders in the survival analyses.; Clinical utility of identified biomarkers is not established by this study; further validation is required..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human trialTrialReported positiveStrong evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 381
Lancet (London, England) · Jun 2025 · randomized, controlled, open-label phase 3 trial
Relacorilantplatinum-resistant ovarian cancerepithelial ovarian cancerprimary peritoneal cancerfallopian tube cancer This phase 3 randomized trial tested whether adding relacorilant to nab-paclitaxel helped women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The combination improved progression-free survival and also showed a longer overall survival at an interim analysis. Side effects were similar between groups after accounting for nab-paclitaxel exposure, and no new safety signals were seen.
Reported effects: progression-free survival hazard ratio 0.7 [0.54–0.91], p p=0.0076, n=381 · progression-free survival median 6.54 mo [5.55–7.43], n=188 · +3 more
Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.
Key findings
- Progression-free survival was significantly longer with relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel than with nab-paclitaxel alone.
- An interim overall survival analysis also favored the combination.
- Adverse events were similar across groups when adjusted for nab-paclitaxel exposure; no new safety signals were observed.
Limitations: Open-label design; Overall survival result was based on a planned interim analysis; Trial is ongoing; Funding from the drug manufacturer.
This study evaluated relacorilant as an added anticancer agent in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMechanismReported positiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
International journal of molecular sciences · May 2025 · review
Mirvetuximab-soravtansineepithelial ovarian cancerhigh-grade serous ovarian carcinomaplatinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancerovarian neoplasms This review summarizes the role of folate receptor alpha (FRα) in ovarian cancer, noting that FRα is frequently overexpressed in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. It describes that a VENTANA IHC assay is approved as a companion diagnostic to select patients (≥75% tumor cells with moderate to strong membrane staining) for the FRα-targeted antibody-drug conjugate mirvetuximab soravtansine, and discusses biological significance, IHC technical issues, and heterogeneity of expression across subtypes and tissue samples.
Key findings
- FRα is frequently overexpressed in several epithelial malignancies, particularly in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.
- The VENTANA FOLR1 (FOLR1-2.1) RxDx Assay (IHC) is now approved as a companion diagnostic for selecting patients eligible for mirvetuximab soravtansine.
- Clinical trials (SORAYA and MIRASOL) demonstrated significant clinical benefit in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer patients with high FRα expression (≥75% of tumor cells with moderate to strong membrane staining).
- The review summarizes biological significance of FRα in ovarian cancer progression and its predictive value for targeted therapy.
- Technical aspects of IHC assessment, including scoring interpretation and pre-analytical variables, are discussed.
- Heterogeneity in FRα expression across histological subtypes and tumor sites, and differences between archival versus fresh tissue, are important considerations.
Limitations: This is a review article and does not present new, individual patient-level data.; FRα expression heterogeneity across histologic subtypes and tumor sites may limit generalizability of biomarker-based selection.; IHC technical factors and pre-analytical variables can affect assessment of FRα and thus patient selection.; The companion diagnostic and demonstrated benefit apply specifically to patients with high FRα expression (≥75%), so findings may not extend to lower expressors..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
ReviewInconclusiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Biomedicines · May 2025 · narrative review
mucinous ovarian carcinomaepithelial ovarian cancer
This review summarizes what is known about mucinous ovarian carcinoma, a rare subtype of ovarian cancer with distinct molecular features such as KRAS mutations and HER2 amplifications. It discusses surgery, fertility-sparing approaches, and adjuvant therapy, and notes that targeted strategies like MEK inhibitors and HER2-directed therapies are being investigated for selected molecular subgroups. The abstract does not report new patient data or trial results.
Key findings
- MOC has frequent KRAS mutations and HER2 amplifications.
- Expansile and infiltrative histologic subtypes may guide lymphadenectomy decisions.
- Fertility-sparing surgery appears safe in FIGO stage IA expansile MOC.
- The role of adjuvant therapy in early-stage disease remains debated because of chemoresistance.
- MEK inhibitors and HER2-directed therapies are under investigation for selected molecular subgroups.
Limitations: Narrative review rather than original study.; No new experimental or clinical outcome data reported in the abstract.; No quantitative effect estimates or trial results provided.; Conclusions depend on heterogeneous retrospective cohorts, molecular studies, and guidelines..
Provides a review of molecularly informed management options for mucinous ovarian carcinoma, including discussion of targeted therapies.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human trialTrialMixed resultsStrong evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 558
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · Mar 2025 · Phase 3 randomized controlled trial
This randomized phase 3 study compared Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) plus weekly paclitaxel versus paclitaxel alone in 558 patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Overall survival was similar between groups (median 12.2 vs 11.9 months; HR 1.01, p=0.89). Grade 65 3 adverse events were similar, while grade 1/2 device-related skin events occurred in 83.6% of patients receiving TTFields. An exploratory post-hoc analysis in PLD-naive patients reported longer median OS with TTFields+PTX (16 vs 11.7 months; nominal HR 0.67, p=0.03).
Reported effects: median OS (intent-to-treat) 12.2 mo · HR for OS (intent-to-treat) 1.01 [0.83–1.24], p=0.89 · +3 more
Studied with: paclitaxel.
Key findings
- 558 patients were randomized to TTFields+PTX (n=280) or PTX (n=278).
- Primary endpoint overall survival: median OS 12.2 months with TTFields+PTX vs 11.9 months with PTX (HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.83-1.24; p=0.89).
- Grade 65 adverse events were similar between treatment groups.
- Grade 1/2 device-related skin adverse events occurred in 83.6% of patients receiving TTFields.
- Exploratory post-hoc in PLD-naive patients: median OS 16 months with TTFields+PTX (n=113) vs 11.7 months with PTX (n=88); nominal HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.49-0.94); p=0.03.
Limitations: Primary endpoint (OS) was not improved in the intent-to-treat population.; The favorable finding in PLD-naive patients is from an exploratory post-hoc subgroup analysis and may not be definitive.; Potential for multiple comparisons and subgroup selection bias in post-hoc analyses.; Device-related skin adverse events were frequent (grade 1/2 in 83.6% of TTFields patients).; Abstract does not report longer-term follow-up details or quality-of-life data..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMixed resultsLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society · Mar 2025
mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC)epithelial ovarian cancer
This narrative review summarizes controversies in diagnosis, surgery, and systemic therapy for mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC), a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer. The authors emphasize difficulties distinguishing primary from metastatic mucinous tumors, debate fertility-sparing surgery and lymphadenectomy approaches, and note poor response to standard ovarian chemotherapy with several unvalidated alternative strategies (gastrointestinal regimens, HER2-targeted ADCs, immune checkpoint inhibitors for MSI, and combinations targeting RAS/WEE1). They recommend histologic subtyping, molecular profiling, multidisciplinary care, and international collaboration to enable larger studies and improve management.
Studied with: RAS pathway inhibitors + WEE1 inhibitors.
Key findings
- MOC is rare (<5% of epithelial ovarian cancers) and has distinct molecular, histologic, and clinical features leading to controversies in diagnosis and treatment.
- Distinguishing primary MOC from metastatic mucinous tumors (eg, gastrointestinal primaries) is challenging and misclassification can impair management, emphasizing the need for high-quality pathologic review.
- Surgical management is controversial: fertility-sparing surgery should be considered in young patients with early-stage disease, but feasibility requires careful selection; systematic lymphadenectomy has been de-escalated for expansile MOC but is recommended for early-stage infiltrative MOC.
- Advanced-stage MOC tumors are often bulky and chemoresistant; the benefit of extensive cytoreduction must be weighed against surgical morbidity.
- Systemic therapy responses to standard ovarian cancer regimens are poor; alternative approaches discussed include gastrointestinal-based chemotherapy regimens, HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (eg, trastuzumab deruxtecan), immune checkpoint inhibitors for microsatellite unstable MOC, and preclinical/early-phase combination strategies targeting RAS and WEE1.
Limitations: MOC rarity limits the size of studies and clinical trial evidence available.; Diagnostic overlap with gastrointestinal primaries can lead to misclassification in clinical series.; Many alternative therapeutic strategies cited lack robust clinical validation (reliance on pre-clinical and early-phase data).; This is a narrative review and does not present new primary patient-level data or a systematic meta-analysis..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMechanismReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 3 · early human
Oncology research · Feb 2025 · Systematic review with bioinformatic analyses (PRISMA-guided literature search and database analyses)
ovarian cancersarcomapancreatic cancer
This systematic review and bioinformatic analysis examined the relationships among the long noncoding RNA ZFAS1, microRNAs, and mRNAs in cancer. The authors report that ZFAS1 often acts as a sponge for multiple miRNAs, highlight a strong negative correlation with miR-150-5p, and find that higher ZFAS1 expression is associated with poorer overall survival in ovarian, sarcoma, and pancreatic cancers. They also identify involvement of signaling pathways including STAT3 and Wnt/β-catenin and roles in RNA binding and ribonucleoprotein formation.
Reported effect: correlation miR-150-5p vs ZFAS1 -0.346, p=3.27e-16
Key findings
- ZFAS1 serves as a sponge for numerous miRNAs (ceRNA activity).
- miR-150-5p is significantly correlated with ZFAS1 across multiple databases (p-value = 3.27e-16, R-value = -0.346).
- Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated an association between ZFAS1 expression levels and worse overall prognosis in ovarian, sarcoma, and pancreatic cancers.
- ZFAS1/miRNAs/mRNAs axis involves signaling pathways including STAT3, SKA1, LPAR1, and Wnt/β-catenin.
- ZFAS1 is implicated in molecular processes such as RNA binding and ribonucleoprotein formation.
Limitations: This paper is a systematic review and bioinformatic analysis rather than primary experimental or clinical data.; Findings are largely observational and correlative; causality is not established.; No sample sizes or patient-level details are reported in the abstract for the survival analyses.; Potential heterogeneity and publication bias across the included studies are not detailed in the abstract.; No experimental validation of the bioinformatic predictions is reported in the abstract..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
ReviewReported positiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
The oncologist · Feb 2025 · narrative review
glioblastomagrade 4 gliomapediatric central nervous system tumorsbrain metastaseslung cancerovarian cancerpancreatic cancergastric cancerhepatic cancer
This review summarizes Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields), a noninvasive device that delivers alternating electric fields to tumors. It reports mechanisms of action (mitotic disruption, DNA replication/DNA damage response effects, reduced motility, and immune enhancement), notes FDA approval for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma, and describes clinical data showing efficacy across patient groups, a tolerable safety profile, and correlations between higher device usage/dose and longer survival. The review also highlights promising pilot studies combining TTFields with immunotherapy and radiotherapy and ongoing studies in pediatric patients and other solid tumors.
Studied with: immunotherapy, radiotherapy.
Key findings
- TTFields is a locoregional, noninvasive, portable device that delivers alternating electric fields to tumors through arrays placed on the skin.
- Based on global pivotal randomized phase III clinical studies, TTFields therapy (Optune Gio) is FDA-approved for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma and CE-marked for grade 4 glioma.
- Multimodal mechanisms include disruption of cancer cell mitosis, inhibition of DNA replication and damage response, interference with cell motility, and enhancement of systemic adaptive immunity.
- Clinical data show efficacy in a broad range of patients with a tolerable safety profile, including high-risk subpopulations.
- New analyses confirmed that overall and progression-free survival positively correlated with increased device usage and dose of TTFields at the tumor site.
- Pilot/early phase clinical studies of TTFields with immunotherapy and with radiotherapy in newly diagnosed GBM have shown promise; new pivotal studies are planned.
- Recent and ongoing studies are evaluating TTFields in pediatric care, other CNS tumors, brain metastases, and several advanced-stage solid tumors (lung, ovarian, pancreatic, gastric, hepatic).
Limitations: This article is a narrative review rather than original research; the abstract does not present new primary numeric results.; Abstract provides no numeric effect sizes, confidence intervals, p-values, or sample sizes for the studies discussed.; Claims about broader tumor types, pediatric use, and combinations are based on pilot/early-phase studies and ongoing research and thus remain preliminary.; Potential for selection or publication bias in the reviewed literature is not addressed in the abstract.; Funding sources and potential conflicts of interest are not reported in the abstract..
The review focuses on TTFields therapy's mechanisms, clinical efficacy/safety data in glioblastoma, and exploratory uses in other CNS and solid tumors.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human · observationalMechanismMixed resultsLimited evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 425
Gynecologic oncology · Jan 2025 · retrospective study
This retrospective study looked at 425 tumor samples from people with ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancers to see how often folate receptor alpha (FRα) was present. FRα was found in 36.3% of cases and was more common in high-grade serous ovarian tumors and in samples from the ovary, fallopian tube, adnexa, or dominant pelvic masses than in metastatic sites. The study also found that some patients had different FRα results in different specimens, suggesting variability in testing results across samples.
Reported effect: positive rates 44.4%, p=0.02
Key findings
- FRα was highly expressed in 36.3% of cases.
- FRα positivity was significantly associated with high-grade serous ovarian histology.
- Samples from the ovary, fallopian tube, adnexa, and dominant pelvic masses had higher FRα positivity than metastatic sites (44.4% vs 32.5%, p = 0.02).
- Time between collection and testing did not impact FRα expression.
- Among 8 patients with more than one specimen tested, 3 (37.5%) had discordant results.
Limitations: Retrospective single-study biomarker analysis.; No treatment outcomes or patient survival endpoints were reported.; Biomarker testing only; does not test mirvetuximab soravtansine efficacy.; Potential sampling and site-related heterogeneity.; Small subgroup with repeated specimens (n=8)..
Useful for understanding FRα testing patterns relevant to selecting patients for FRα-targeted therapy, but it does not evaluate anticancer efficacy.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMechanismInconclusiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Minerva obstetrics and gynecology · Dec 2024 · literature review
epithelial ovarian carcinomaovarian cancer
This review examined published data on using laparoscopy and other minimally invasive methods to predict whether primary debulking surgery can achieve no residual tumor (RT=0) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. The authors report that accurate assessment of intra- and extra-abdominal disease using a combination of imaging (MRI, PET, CT), surgical approaches (laparoscopy, mini-laparotomy), and blood markers (CA-125, HE4) helps determine tumor extent and can aid in personalizing the therapeutic approach. The article is a review and does not present new primary quantitative data on predictive accuracy.
Studied with: magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, computed tomography, laparoscopy, mini-laparotomy, CA-125, HE4.
Key findings
- Laparoscopy and other minimally invasive surgical methods have been analyzed as tools to predict the possibility of obtaining residual tumor of 0 (RT=0) in primary debulking surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
- Accurate assessment of intra- and extra-abdominal pathology is essential to guide the surgeon in therapeutic choice.
- Combining radiological methods (MRI, PET, CT), surgical approaches (mini-laparotomy, laparoscopy), and serological markers (CA-125, HE4) provides a more complete picture for determining tumor extent and personalizing therapy.
Limitations: This publication is a literature review and presents no new primary patient-level data.; Abstract does not state whether the review was systematic or the methods used for study selection or quality assessment.; No quantitative accuracy metrics (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values) or pooled estimates are reported in the abstract..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
Human trialTrialReported positiveStrong evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 415
The Lancet. Oncology · Dec 2024 · randomised, open-label, phase 3, multicentre trial
Cisplatinepithelial ovarian cancerrecurrent ovarian cancerhigh-grade serous ovarian cancerhigh-grade endometrioid ovarian cancer This multicentre, randomized phase 3 trial compared cytoreductive surgery with or without intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal cisplatin (HIPEC) in 415 women with first relapse of epithelial ovarian cancer. At a median 6.2 years follow-up, HIPEC improved overall survival (stratified HR 0.73, p=0.024; median OS 54.3 vs 45.8 months) but was associated with higher rates of grade 3 or worse adverse events within 60 days (49% vs 27%).
Reported effects: stratified hazard ratio for overall survival 0.73 [0.56–0.96], p=0.024, n=415 · median overall survival 54.3 mo [41.9–61.7], n=415 · +7 more
Studied with: cytoreductive surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, bevacizumab (optional), planned PARP inhibitor use (stratification).
Key findings
- 415 patients randomised: 207 to HIPEC and 208 to no HIPEC.
- Overall survival was significantly improved with HIPEC (stratified hazard ratio 0⋅73, 95% CI 0⋅56-0⋅96; p=0⋅024).
- Median overall survival was 54⋅3 months (95% CI 41⋅9-61⋅7) with HIPEC versus 45⋅8 months (38⋅9-54⋅2) without.
- At primary analysis 268 (65%) patients had died (126 [61%] of 207 in the HIPEC group; 142 [68%] of 208 in the no-HIPEC group).
- Grade 3 or worse adverse events within 60 days occurred in 102 (49%) of 207 receiving HIPEC versus 56 (27%) of 208 receiving no HIPEC; common events included anaemia (47 [23%] vs 30 [14%]), hepatotoxicity (23 [11%] vs 18 [9%]), electrolyte disturbance (28 [14%] vs two [1%]), and renal failure (20 [10%] vs three [1%]).
- There were three deaths within 60 days of surgery, all in the no-HIPEC group.
Limitations: Open-label design (no blinding).; Increased perioperative grade 3+ toxicity with HIPEC compared with no HIPEC.; Eligibility limited to patients with a first relapse ≥6 months after platinum-based chemotherapy who were amenable to complete cytoreduction; results may not generalise to other patient groups.; Optional use of bevacizumab and later planned PARP inhibitor use introduce heterogeneity in systemic therapy.; Conducted at specialist centres; generalisability to non-specialist settings is uncertain..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
ReviewMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · Oct 2024 · Practice guideline / guideline insights
Ovarian CancerFallopian Tube CancerPrimary Peritoneal Cancer
These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize multidisciplinary diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment recommendations for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers. The report specifically describes how the evolving use of PARP inhibitors as maintenance and single-agent regimens informed the panel's recommendations.
Key findings
- NCCN Guidelines provide multidisciplinary diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment recommendations for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers.
- The Insights detail how the evolution of the use of PARP inhibitors as maintenance and single-agent regimens informed panel recommendations in the guidelines.
Limitations: Abstract is a guideline summary and does not present original trial data or numerical results.; No specific recommendations, dosing, comparative efficacy, or level-of-evidence details are provided in the abstract.; Limited methodological detail in abstract about how evidence was reviewed or how recommendations were updated..
Guideline update addressing clinical management of ovarian/fallopian tube/primary peritoneal cancers with attention to PARP inhibitor use.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
Meta-analysisMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology · Sep 2024 · systematic review and meta-analysis
Rucaparibrecurrent high-grade ovarian carcinomaovarian cancer This systematic review and meta-analysis pooled seven studies of rucaparib in patients with recurrent high-grade ovarian carcinoma. The pooled objective response rate (ORR) was 0.331 (95% CI 0.221–0.449) with high between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 92.4%), and the authors report improvements in PFS and OS versus controls. Safety signals were substantial: 98.7% experienced any treatment-emergent adverse event and 61% had grade ≥3 events; common AEs and hematologic abnormalities were reported.
Reported effects: number_of_articles 7 · ORR 0.331 [0.221–0.449] · +10 more
Key findings
- The meta-analysis of seven articles revealed a pooled objective response rate (ORR) of 0.331 (95% CI, 0.221-0.449; I2=92.4%), particularly evident in the BRCA-mutated cohort.
- Rucaparib consistently outperformed controls in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
- Safety evaluations indicated that 98.7% of patients experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), with 61% being grade 65;3.
- Notable TEAEs included nausea (69.0%), fatigue (66.8%), vomiting (37.3%), and constipation (32.1%).
- Hematological concerns comprised anemia (47.9%), thrombocytopenia, elevated AST/ALT (37.3%), and serum creatinine levels (19.7%).
- The authors note that the rucaparib group recorded higher event rates across various metrics than controls and recommend careful monitoring and dose adjustments.
Limitations: High between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 92.4%) reported for the pooled ORR.; Pooled estimate derived from seven articles only, which may limit generalizability.; Abstract reports no numeric effect sizes (HRs/CIs) for PFS or OS despite stating improvements versus controls.; High rates of treatment-emergent adverse events and grade 65;3 events raise tolerability concerns affecting applicability..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed
Human trialTrialReported positiveStrong evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 100
Journal of gynecologic oncology · Sep 2024 · Phase III randomized controlled trial, randomized 1:1
Bevacizumabepithelial ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerprimary peritoneal cancer This randomized phase III trial assigned 100 Chinese patients with newly diagnosed stage III/IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer after surgery to carboplatin/paclitaxel with either bevacizumab or placebo. Median progression-free survival was 22.6 months with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy versus 12.3 months with placebo plus chemotherapy (stratified HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.17–0.53). Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent in the bevacizumab arm.
Reported effects: median PFS 22.6 mo · stratified hazard ratio for PFS 0.3 [0.17–0.53] · +1 more
Studied with: carboplatin, paclitaxel.
Key findings
- Of randomized patients, 51 received bevacizumab + CP and 49 received placebo + CP.
- Median PFS was 22.6 months with bevacizumab + CP (95% confidence interval [CI]=18.6, not estimable) and 12.3 months (95% CI=9.5, 15.0) with placebo + CP (stratified hazard ratio=0.30; 95% CI=0.17, 0.53).
- Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 46 of 49 (94%) patients receiving bevacizumab + CP, and 34 of 50 (68%) receiving placebo + CP.
Limitations: Relatively small randomized sample (100 patients).; Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS (no central review stated).; Overall survival and longer-term outcomes not reported in the abstract.; Single-country (China) population may limit generalizability to other populations.; Adverse-event denominators reported in the abstract are inconsistent with the randomized-arm counts, which complicates interpretation of safety rates..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
ReviewMechanismMixed resultsLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical
American journal of cancer research · Jul 2024 · review
ovarian cancer
This narrative review summarizes how adipocytes in the ovarian tumor microenvironment become cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) through dedifferentiation and how CAAs supply nutrients, growth factors, cytokines and metabolites that can support tumor growth, metastasis and alter drug response. The authors outline the physiological functions of CAAs and discuss progress toward using CAAs as therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer.
Key findings
- Adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment can transform into cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) via dedifferentiation through interactions with tumor cells.
- CAAs provide nutrients, growth factors, cytokines and metabolites to the tumor.
- CAAs can later transdifferentiate into other stromal cells at a later stage.
- CAAs alter tumor growth, metastasis and the drug response and ultimately influence the treatment and prognosis of ovarian cancer.
- The review discusses progress in the use of CAAs as therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer.
Limitations: Narrative review — no new primary experimental or clinical data reported in this article.; Abstract does not describe systematic review methods or quantitative synthesis (no meta-analysis).; Unclear from abstract whether discussed CAA-targeting approaches have clinical efficacy or are limited to preclinical data..
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text
Human trialTrialInconclusiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical
Journal of gynecologic oncology · Jul 2024 · phase 3, randomized, 2-arm, open-label, global multicenter study protocol
Relacorilantadvanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancerrecurrent platinum-resistant high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancerprimary peritoneal cancerfallopian tube cancer This paper describes the ROSELLA phase 3 trial, which is testing relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel versus nab-paclitaxel alone in women with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and related cancers. The study is designed to see whether adding relacorilant improves progression-free survival and other outcomes, and it will also assess safety and patient-reported outcomes. The abstract does not report trial results, only the study plan.
Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.
Key findings
- ROSELLA is a phase 3, randomized, 2-arm, open-label, global multicenter study.
- Participants are assigned 1:1 to relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel monotherapy.
- Primary endpoint is progression-free survival assessed by blinded independent central review.
- Secondary endpoints include overall survival, objective response rate, duration of response, clinical benefit rate at 24 weeks, and CA-125 response.
- The abstract reports no efficacy or safety results because it is a trial protocol.
Limitations: Protocol only; no outcomes or results are reported in the abstract.; No sample size is provided in the abstract.; No quantitative effect estimates are available.; Open-label design may introduce bias in some endpoints..
This is a phase 3 protocol in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer evaluating an anticancer combination.
AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text