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Fallopian Tube Cancer

A plain-English summary of the published research on Fallopian Tube Cancer, reviewed and approved by our editors — not a hand-curated clinical overview.

Research summary · reviewed
Educational only: This page is not medical advice. Coordinate decisions with your oncology team.

Reviewed Jun 2026 · OncoForge editorial · How we review →

AI extractedhuman reviewedsources checkedretractions suppressed· last updated Jun 2026

Evidence at a glanceHuman trial / meta-analysisMixed results⚠ Studies disagree
21 published studies that name Fallopian Tube Cancer10 human studies approved & graded (trial, observational, or meta-analysis)60 human clinical studies in the Fallopian Tube Cancer corpus299 source documents in the Fallopian Tube Cancer corpus

last checked June 9, 2026

Why this grade?

Human trial / meta-analysis — Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Computed deterministically from the studies’ types and reported outcomes — not written by AI, and not a claim that anything works.

What the guidelines say

NCI PDQESMONCCNASCO

We link the authoritative guidelines rather than reproduce them. Below, the treatments on this page are split into standard care, guideline or regulatory options, supportive care, and studied but not standard so established care is not mixed with experimental or supportive items.

Guideline / FDA options - context-specific
  • bevacizumab
  • relacorilant
  • olaparib
  • rucaparib
  • pembrolizumab
  • Mirvetuximab Soravtansine
Studied, not standard - investigational
  • PARP inhibitors
  • paclitaxel
  • cyclophosphamide
  • pegylated liposomal doxorubicin
  • chemotherapy
  • peritoneal washing cytology
  • trabectedin
  • nivolumab
  • levonorgestrel
  • nab-paclitaxel
  • gemcitabine
  • carboplatin
  • iniparib
  • navicixizumab
  • nemvaleukin alfa
  • bevacizumab-combined single-agent chemotherapy
  • veliparib
  • topotecan
  • primary debulking surgery
  • PET/CT-based cPCI
  • platinum-based chemotherapy
  • docetaxel
  • cediranib
  • oxaliplatin
  • paclitaxel poliglumex
  • atezolizumab
  • radiotherapy
  • carbon ion radiotherapy
  • surgery
  • aflibercept
  • fosbretabulin
  • imatinib
  • saracatinib
  • sorafenib
  • sunitinib
  • combined oral contraceptives
  • platinum-based combination chemotherapy
  • second-look laparotomy
  • bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
  • salpingectomy
  • hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
  • Cantrixil
  • docetaxel plus carboplatin
  • topotecan and bevacizumab
  • paclitaxel and carboplatin
  • etoposide
  • bortezomib
  • RA190
  • fuzuloparib
  • risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy
  • niraparib
  • PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy
  • lymphadenectomy
  • FDG-PET/CT
  • BRCA1/2 mutation
  • intravenous immunoglobulin
  • port-site metastasis excision
  • octreotide acetate
  • cisplatin
  • FDG-PET
  • PET scanning
  • Nivolumab †Rx

Read the guidelines

Cancer-specific deep links aren’t curated yet — these search the authoritative sources for Fallopian Tube Cancer.

Treatment map: Fallopian Tube Cancer

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Standard care plus every compound studied in the literature (each cited) and graded by evidence, organized by clinical readiness. A category, not a verdict that anything works — confirm anything here with your oncology team.

68
Interventions
0
Standard of care
23
Tested in people
3
Lab / animal
36
Named in lit.
7
Classes
Standard of care (0) Guideline option (6) Tested in people (23) Lab / animal only (3) Named in the literature (36)

Tested in people, by trial phase: Phase III ×4 · Phase II ×10 · Phase I ×4 · phase not reported ×5

Clinical evidence
Preclinical evidence
Standard of care
Guideline option
Tested in people
Lab / animal only
Named in the literature
Surgery & procedures
—
—
1
—
14
Radiotherapy
—
—
—
—
2
Chemotherapy
—
—
13
2
5
Targeted therapy
—
4
4
1
10
Immunotherapy
—
1
3
—
2
Hormonal therapy
—
—
1
—
1
Other
—
1
1
—
2

Columns group into clinical evidence (used in, or tested on, people) and preclinical evidence (lab/animal, or only named in the literature). Cell = number of interventions; a dashed cell means none recorded there.

Established care — detail (6)
Targeted therapy
bevacizumab
FDA-approved for this cancer.
—Guideline option
olaparib
FDA-approved for this cancer.
—Guideline option
rucaparib
FDA-approved for this cancer.
—Guideline option
Mirvetuximab Soravtansine
FDA-approved for this cancer.
—Guideline option
Immunotherapy
pembrolizumab
FDA-approved for this cancer.
—Guideline option
Other
relacorilant
FDA-approved for this cancer.
—Guideline option
Investigational & adjunct compounds — detail (62)
Phase III trial (4)
niraparibnivolumabNivolumab †Rxtrabectedin
Phase II trial (10)
cediranibcyclophosphamideoff-labeldocetaxeldocetaxel plus carboplatingemcitabineoff-labelinipariblevonorgestrelpegylated liposomal doxorubicintopotecanoff-labeltopotecan and bevacizumab
Phase I trial (4)
navicixizumaboxaliplatinpaclitaxel poliglumexveliparib
Meta-analysis (2)
chemotherapyperitoneal washing cytology
Tested in people (3)
nab-paclitaxelnemvaleukin alfapaclitaxel and carboplatin
Named in the literature
PARP inhibitorsbevacizumab-combined single-agent chemotherapyprimary debulking surgeryPET/CT-based cPCIplatinum-based chemotherapyatezolizumaboff-labelradiotherapycarbon ion radiotherapysurgeryafliberceptfosbretabulinimatinibsaracatinibsorafenibsunitinibcombined oral contraceptivesplatinum-based combination chemotherapysecond-look laparotomybilateral salpingo-oophorectomysalpingectomyhyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapyCantrixiletoposideoff-labelbortezomibRA190risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomyPARP inhibitor maintenance therapylymphadenectomyFDG-PET/CTBRCA1/2 mutationintravenous immunoglobulinport-site metastasis excisionoctreotide acetatecisplatinoff-labelFDG-PETPET scanning

"Tested in people" rows show the highest trial phase found in that compound's cited human studies (Phase I–IV; "phase not reported" = a human study with no phase tag). "Studied" = named in the cited literature for this cancer. "FDA ✓" = FDA-approved for this cancer; "off-label" = an FDA-approved drug used outside its approved indications (per openFDA). Not a claim that anything works.

Reported figures

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Ask about Fallopian Tube Cancer

Answers come only from the cited sources on this page — with the supporting evidence shown. If the sources here don't cover your question, it will say so. Educational information, not medical advice.

Key points

  • Overview: Fallopian tube cancer is rare and is most often discussed together with ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer in clinical studies and reviews. The sources also describe overlap in histology, diagnosis, and management, especially for high-grade serous disease and BRCA-associated risk.
  • Standard management: Standard management for fallopian tube cancer generally follows ovarian cancer pathways and centers on surgical staging or cytoreduction with platinum-based chemotherapy. In recurrent or platinum-resistant disease, treatment selection is often based on platinum sensitivity, with maintenance and targeted options described in some settings.
  • Prognosis: Prognosis in fallopian tube cancer is driven mainly by stage, residual disease after surgery, age, and histology, with earlier-stage disease generally linked to better survival. Several studies also report differences in survival by BRCA status, platinum sensitivity, and treatment setting, while advanced or recurrent disease is associated with shorter survival.
  • Epidemiology: Fallopian tube cancer is rare, with reported incidence and proportion estimates varying across studies and registries. It is most often diagnosed in postmenopausal women, and many series report advanced-stage disease at presentation.

10 sections — tap any heading to expand its cited detail. Key points are above.

OverviewFallopian tube cancer is rare and is most often discussed together with ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer in clinical studies and reviews. The sources also describe overlap in histology, diagnosis, and management, especially for high-grade serous disease and BRCA-associated risk.7 points
Key biomarkersKey biomarkers in fallopian tube cancer include BRCA1/2 and other homologous recombination repair genes, CA125, FRα, p53, and STIC-related pathology. Several studies also report HRD, LOH, PD-L1, HE4, and other molecular or serum markers in cohorts that included fallopian tube cancer.61 points
  • Clinical genetic testing for gene mutations is described as allowing more precise identification of women at increased risk of inherited breast cancer and ovarian cancer, and the hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome bulletin focuses on BRCA1 and BRCA2 and briefly discusses other implicated genes. [1][2]
  • One source reports that lower preoperative CA-125 levels were associated with higher survival probability in primary fallopian tube cancer. [49][93]
  • The sources report differences in protein expression patterns of Her2/neu, estrogen and progestin receptors, and frequency of loss of heterozygosity between primary peritoneal cancer and primary ovarian cancer. [133]
  • One source reports that patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer with a BRCA mutation were eligible for SOLO1 if they were in clinical complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy. [11]
  • FR-α is described as a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer, including fallopian tube cancer in the cited review. [142]
  • Homologous recombination deficiency was present in 56.0% of tested patients in the HALO study population that included fallopian tube cancers, and BRCA mutations were reported in 25.2% of tested patients. [20]
  • The navicixizumab study used an RNA expression-based tumor microenvironment panel to classify tumors as angiogenic, immune-active, immune-desert, or immune-suppressed, and tumors positive for the angiogenic tumor microenvironment signature were classified as biomarker-positive. [137]
  • In the navicixizumab study, response was enriched in patients with high angiogenesis score. [137]
  • In that cohort, the prevalence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic BRCA1/2 mutations was higher in patients with family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer than in those without family history, and was not significantly different by age. [141]
  • In the Thai series, tissue BRCA gene mutation was found in 24 of 139 tested cases (17.3%); among the 138 patients with both data available, germline BRCA gene mutation was 8.7% and somatic BRCA gene mutation was 6.5%. [25]
  • In a Japanese multicenter study of ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, the overall prevalence of germline BRCA1/2 mutations was 14.7%, and gBRCA1 mutations were more common than gBRCA2 mutations. [143]
  • In one stage I series, fallopian tube cancer had a higher rate of BRCA1 mutations than epithelial ovarian cancer, and the same series reported a higher rate of breast cancer in women with fallopian tube cancer than in women with epithelial ovarian cancer. [144]
  • In one study, 12 of 28 women with fallopian tube cancer had BRCA mutations, including 11 BRCA1 and 1 BRCA2, and BRCA-associated fallopian tube cancer may occur at a younger age than sporadic cases. [145]
  • Folate receptor-α expression was high in 40.9% of cases in one real-world study, and primary tumors had higher FRα positivity than metastatic lesions in that study. [146]
  • In one retrospective niraparib study that included fallopian tube cancer patients, BRCA mutation status was associated with progression-free survival. [47]
  • One real-world niraparib study reported that BRCA mutation groups had a median progression-free survival that was not reached, while the BRCA wild-type group had a median progression-free survival of 23.0 months, and homologous recombination deficiency status was associated with progression-free survival. [44]
  • The CMV study used circulating cell-free CMV DNA in serum as an indicator of active infection, and reported that approximately one-third of individuals newly diagnosed with ovarian cancer were CMV positive at diagnosis. [58]
  • Most centers measured some or all of the recommended biomarkers routinely, and most centers used vaginal ultrasound and computed tomography as preferred imaging modalities. [60]
  • Germline BRCA1/2 mutation testing is discussed as part of decision-making and prognosis in fallopian tube cancer-related cohorts. [147]
  • In that cohort, progression-free survival and overall survival did not differ between patients with and without BRCA1/2 mutation, while in subgroup analyses BRCA1/2 mutation was reported as an independent favorable prognostic factor for progression-free survival in patients with high-grade serous carcinoma and in patients with stage III or IV disease. [65]
  • Elevated initial CA125 level and primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy were reported as related to poor prognosis. [65]
  • In this pilot study of women with advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer, increased serum Cyfra21-1 and HE4 were significantly associated with suboptimal cytoreduction; rectosigmoid invasion on CT was also associated with suboptimal cytoreduction. [148]
  • BRCA1 pathogenic variants in the ovarian cancer cluster region were associated with shorter progression-free survival than BRCA1 pathogenic variants outside that region in a mixed cohort that included fallopian tube cancer, and the same study reported no significant overall survival difference by BRCA1/2 variant location. [149]
  • The provided sources report TP53 clonal hematopoiesis variants in relation to therapy-related myeloid neoplasms after rucaparib treatment. [72]
  • RAD51D germline mutations have been identified in women affected with familial primary ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma, and loss of function of RAD51D is associated with increased risk for primary ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal carcinoma. [150]
  • BRCA1/2 mutations were observed in 28.0% of patients in one institutional series of epithelial POFTC. [80]
  • In one sequencing study of ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, actionable somatic mutations were identified in 35% of cases and pathogenic germline mutations in 14%, and BRCA mutations accounted for 59% of all mutations in one sequencing study. [151]
  • A T-cell-inflamed gene expression profile correlated with PD-L1 expression but was not an independent predictor of overall survival. [152]
  • BRCA mutations were detected in fallopian tube cancer in this study, and the authors concluded that BRCA1/2 genetic testing should be performed for all patients with ovarian cancers. [90]
  • In one Thai series, 3 of 5 patients with fallopian tube cancer had germline BRCA mutation. [90]
  • In the Japanese PFTC series, 26.7% of patients had germline BRCA mutations, including 6 germline BRCA1 mutations and 2 germline BRCA2 mutations among 30 patients with high-grade serous adenocarcinoma. [92]
  • The study found no significant difference in p53 overexpression or overall survival by BRCA mutation status. [92]
  • Elevated ADRM1 mRNA was detected in STIC and HGSC, and RPN13 protein was detected in STIC, HGSC, and normal fallopian tube epithelium. [153]
  • A review states that determining ER, PR, Ki-67, and HER2/neu receptor status in primary fallopian tube cancer may verify biological malignancy and suggest appropriate methods of treatment. [94]
  • The 2017 review reported STIC in 52.4% of tubal high-grade serous carcinoma cases and 41.7% of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma cases, and reported 26 patients had only fallopian tube mucosal invasive carcinoma. [95]
  • BRCA1/2 germline mutations were found in 12.6% of 95 unselected Japanese patients with ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer in one study, and 10.2% of patients without a family history had BRCA1/2 germline mutations. [154]
  • In one retrospective series, a high preoperative carbohydrate antigen 125 serum level was an important factor in disease-free and overall survival in univariate analysis. [155]
  • In one small report, CA 125 was increased but not significant enough, and both patients had a positive family history on the female hereditary line. [156]
  • Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 13q has been reported in BRCA1-related ovarian and fallopian tube cancer, with several loci showing high frequencies of LOH, and microsatellite instability was found in six cases in one study of BRCA1-related ovarian and fallopian tube carcinomas. [157]
  • One imaging study reported that an elevated serum CA 125 level did not preclude successful radioimmunodetection. [158]
  • One source reports that an NRG1 fusion could have predictive implications for response to ERBB/ERBB2/ERBB3-directed therapies. [159]
  • BRCA-2 germline mutation is reported in a case of stage IVB high-grade serous carcinoma of the fallopian tube. [160]
  • Imaging, immunohistochemical analysis and pathology can help in making the correct diagnosis when breast metastasis is being differentiated from primary breast cancer. [161]
  • A founder BRCA1c.2845insA mutation was detected in one fallopian tube cancer patient, and the report describes an association between this mutation and fallopian tube cancer as part of hereditary breast cancer syndrome in an Asian population. [128]
  • FDG-PET can detect metastatic carcinoma of the fallopian tube, and PET scanning offers another approach to diagnosing persistent or recurrent disease in ovarian or fallopian tube cancer. [162]
  • The meta-analysis reported estimated rates of overall STIC events and occult cancers of 1% and 3%, respectively, and found no significant difference between routine pathological examination and the SEE-FIM protocol. [163]
  • In the registry analysis, HRD positivity was defined as a GIS of at least 42. [164]
  • In the Middle East HALO cohort, 52.2% of analyzed patients were HRD positive and 23.9% of analyzed patients had high GIS without tBRCA mutations. [165]
  • In the Taiwan HALO cohort, 52.9% of patients were HRD positive, 38.2% had BRCA wild-type LOH-positive status, 14.7% had tumor BRCA mutations, and LOH status showed a strong, significant positive association with age and ECOG status. [39]
  • In one retrospective series, 82.79% of patients had elevated CA125 levels, ovarian-dominant tumors had higher serum CA125 levels than tubal-predominant tumors, and 28.57% of patients had endometrial fluid on ultrasound. [48]
  • FRα was highly expressed in 36.3% of cases in a retrospective testing study that included fallopian tube cancer samples, and tumor samples from the ovary, fallopian tube, adnexa, and dominant pelvic masses had higher FRα positivity than metastatic sites in that study. [166]
  • A review states that preoperative CA125 level was associated with recurrence in one primary fallopian tube carcinoma cohort, and the same cohort reported that pretreatment CA125 levels were ≥35 U/mL in 25 of 47 cases. [51]
  • In the olaparib real-world cohort, BRCA testing identified germline mutation, somatic mutation, or both in the included patients, and the cohort required a deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA1/2 mutation for inclusion. [167]
  • In one cohort that included fallopian tube cancer, 76 of 378 patients (20.1%) carried a BRCA1/2 mutation. [65]
  • The sources state that BRCA2-positive female genital cancers more often originated from the fallopian tube and peritoneum than BRCA1-positive or BRCA-negative cancers in the retrospective study. [168]
  • PD-L1-positive expression was observed in 50.5% of patients in a cohort that included advanced ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, and PD-L1-positive expression was associated with more advanced stage, more aggressive histologic subtype, and platinum sensitivity in the included cohort. [152]
Show 5 lab & early-research findings
  • No differences were reported in immunohistochemical staining for p53, ki67, estrogen receptor, or progesterone receptor between patients with or without BRCA mutations, while overexpression of p53 was commonly seen in fallopian tube cancers and dysplastic epithelium, but rarely noted in benign epithelium. [145]
  • In one case report, the tumor markers CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 were in the normal ranges. [169]
  • One case report found elevated CA-125 and HE4 in a patient with fallopian tube cancer and inguinal lymph node metastasis. [116]
  • BRIP1 mutation is described as an emerging indication for prophylactic risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in one case report. [170]
  • CA-125 was 10 U/mL in one reported case. [130]
Standard managementStandard management for fallopian tube cancer generally follows ovarian cancer pathways and centers on surgical staging or cytoreduction with platinum-based chemotherapy. In recurrent or platinum-resistant disease, treatment selection is often based on platinum sensitivity, with maintenance and targeted options described in some settings.84 points
  • One source lists pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, topotecan, paclitaxel, and gemcitabine as single-agent chemotherapy options in a trial of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, and another source describes initial platinum-based chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery in newly diagnosed advanced disease. [10][14]
  • Primary fallopian tube adenocarcinoma has traditionally been managed and treated in the same manner as epithelial ovarian cancer. [36][131]
  • One source reports patients receiving primary surgery with subsequent chemotherapy, and another discusses front-line adjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. [58][171]
  • Sources describe primary fallopian tube carcinoma approaches as generally determined in accordance with data obtained from ovarian cancer. [93][96]
  • The sources report cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based combination chemotherapy in a second-look laparotomy series, and second-look laparotomy was reported to provide prognostic information after platinum-based chemotherapy. [172][113]
  • The NCCN guidelines provide multidisciplinary diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment recommendations for this disease. [4]
  • The Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines describe tumor staging, histological classification, surgical procedures, chemotherapy, palliative care, hereditary breast and ovarian cancer management, molecular targeting therapy, recurrent cancer based on tumor markers alone, and hormone replacement therapy after treatment. [3]
  • Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is widely used by carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations to reduce their risks of breast and ovarian cancer. [173]
  • One source reports that routine sampling of peritoneal washings during RRSO was not found to be useful for detecting subsequent primary peritoneal cancer. [174]
  • RRSO was associated with a summary HR of 0.21 for ovarian and/or fallopian tube cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. [173]
  • RRSO was associated with a summary HR of 0.49 for breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, and the summary HR was 0.47 for breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers and 0.47 for breast cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers. [173]
  • The SOLO1 trial enrolled patients with newly diagnosed advanced stage III or IV high-grade serous or endometrioid ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian-tube cancer who had a BRCA1/2 mutation and a complete or partial response after platinum-based chemotherapy. [16]
  • The OCEANS trial studied bevacizumab with gemcitabine and carboplatin in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. [17]
  • In ROSELLA, participants with recurrent platinum-resistant disease were randomized to relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel monotherapy. [134]
  • The ROSELLA protocol describes relacorilant as an investigational selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator. [134]
  • The RETROLA cohort study reports a median progression-free survival of 17.0 months with olaparib. [135]
  • The phase II iniparib study reports a confirmed ORR of 66% in platinum-sensitive disease and 26.2% in platinum-resistant disease. [136]
  • The navicixizumab plus paclitaxel phase Ib study reports an objective response rate of 43% in heavily pretreated platinum-resistant ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. [137]
  • PRIMA used niraparib maintenance after response to platinum-based chemotherapy in newly diagnosed advanced ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, and the study included surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy before niraparib or placebo maintenance. [138]
  • The SUNNY trial concept states that there is no consensus on the optimal timing of cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. [23]
  • The SUNNY trial includes patients with pathologically confirmed stage IIIC and IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal carcinoma. [23]
  • In a stage I series, there was no difference in the rates of platinum-based and paclitaxel chemotherapy between fallopian tube cancer and epithelial ovarian cancer. [144]
  • Surgical exploration was needed for definitive diagnosis in all patients in one community-hospital series, and optimal debulking was predictive of survival. [175]
  • Most women with stage I/II disease were treated with surgery alone, while most women with stage III/IV disease were treated with surgery and chemotherapy. [37]
  • Almost half of those diagnosed with stage I/II disease did not undergo surgical evaluation of lymph nodes. [37]
  • The 1998 review states that treatment consists of surgical debulking followed by chemotherapy, adjuvant or otherwise. [132]
  • The 2025 FIGO update says ultrasound is the first-line tool for adnexal mass assessment in ovarian and fallopian tube cancers. [38]
  • The cited review states that genetic testing remains below the universal testing goal despite recommendations by national professional organizations. [42]
  • Minimally invasive techniques are described as the gold standard access to perform risk-reduction operations. [41]
  • Diagnosis and accurate staging usually require tissue sampling and extensive debulking surgery performed by a surgeon who specializes in gynecologic oncology. [176]
  • Combination chemotherapy, before or after surgery, or as primary treatment for advanced disease is commonly needed. [176]
  • Treatment options developed for ovarian tumors and fallopian tube cancer are justified for rare non-serous fallopian tube tumors because appropriate treatment protocols are lacking. [50]
  • The primary reported treatment in the Nordic survey was surgery, and the majority of centers conducted multidisciplinary team meetings. [60]
  • In 65% of centers, lymph node dissection was only performed in cases with suspicious lymph nodes. [60]
  • Surveillance was usually offered for more than four years. [60]
  • The review on pamiparib states that PARP inhibitors are used for maintenance treatment in ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer, and that olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib are approved for various indications in epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. [66]
  • Pamiparib was approved in China for women with recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer with confirmed germline BRCA mutation. [66]
  • Greater c-MET/VEGFR-2 co-localisation predicted worse overall survival in patients treated with bevacizumab, and bevacizumab-treated patients with c-MET/VEGFR-2HIGH tumours had worse overall survival than those with c-MET/VEGFR-2LOW tumours. [64]
  • 9 of 10 DMPA-treated mice had no significant lesion at 8 weeks, while one developed focal epithelial hyperplasia, and DMPA-treated mice had fewer p53 signatures and STIC lesions than vehicle-treated mice. [177]
  • For women with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants seen in a hereditary ovarian cancer clinic, counseling included reproduction, risk reduction, surgical prophylaxis, and menopausal aftercare. [73]
  • Concurrent panniculectomy with surgical treatment of gynecological cancer was safe and efficient in selected obese patients, and it offers better visualization of pelvic anatomy and prevention of major complications in morbidly obese women with gynecologic cancer. [178]
  • The 2020 JSGO guidelines include initial treatment algorithms for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer, and recurrent disease algorithms for the same cancers. [75]
  • Satisfactory cytoreductive surgery is described as critical because tumor stage and residual tumor size are significantly associated with overall survival. [76]
  • Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is recommended to women with a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation before natural menopause to prevent ovarian and fallopian tube cancer. [179]
  • In the RRSO study, MRI performed about 1 month preoperatively did not show malignant findings in women later found to have occult cancer, and the study concluded that RRSO is the only promising method that can improve prognosis in women with germline pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants. [79]
  • FDG-PET/CT was implemented as a standard imaging modality for women with newly diagnosed ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer at one institution. [180]
  • Centralization of primary treatment of advanced ovarian cancer was associated with increased complete cytoreduction, 5-year relative survival, and disease-free survival. [181]
  • Sources describe cytoreductive surgery plus platinum-paclitaxel chemotherapy as a well-accepted treatment for advanced-stage epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal serous carcinoma. [85]
  • A review of a phase III trial states that eligible patients had residual disease after primary surgery or were undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy with planned interval surgery. [86]
  • A 2017 review suggested prophylactic salpingectomy to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. [95]
  • Management strategies are the same for ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal cancers. [97]
  • Due to rarity, no randomized trials are available exclusively for fallopian tube carcinoma and most treatment strategies have been extrapolated from epithelial ovarian cancers. [97]
  • FIGO 2014 staged ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers collectively, designating the primary wherever possible. [97]
  • An intensive surgical effort such as complete surgical resection or optimal cytoreduction surgery with minimal residual tumor followed by platinum-paclitaxel combination chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy may provide the best possibility of disease-free or overall survival. [99]
  • In one review, the therapeutic strategy for primary fallopian tube carcinoma is often based on the guidelines for treating epithelial ovarian cancer. [99]
  • Surgical cytoreduction followed by intraperitoneal chemotherapy is thought to portend the greatest survival benefit in advanced-stage ovarian spectrum cancers, and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy at the time of surgical resection has gained attention as an alternate therapeutic option. [102]
  • Diagnosis can only be made by surgical removal and pathologic evaluation of a suspicious mass, and details on staging procedures as well as surgical and chemotherapeutic techniques are outlined for the various stages of disease. [108]
  • A review of para-aortic lymphadenectomy concluded that a comprehensive para-aortic lymphadenectomy was necessary for accurate staging in primary fallopian tube cancer. [182]
  • Management principles generally follow those of epithelial ovarian cancer, and prompt investigations can lead to diagnosis in the early stage of disease. [109]
  • A 2000 review stated that thorough evaluation of lymph nodes at surgery is needed because even early-stage patients can have nodal disease. [183]
  • Aggressive cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy and negative second-look laparotomy offer the possibility of long-term survival, although the clinical value of second-look laparotomy remains limited until effective salvage therapy is developed. [183]
  • A 1996 series reported that postoperative radiotherapy may result in better local control but does not preclude extrapelvic dissemination. [184]
  • The sources describe surgical staging with total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy, omentectomy, and appendectomy in one series, and systematic pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy was feasible in 15 cases in one review. [112]
  • When pathology suggests a Müllerian origin despite normal imaging findings, surgical removal of the adnexa followed by comprehensive immunohistochemical and pathological evaluation of the ovaries, tubes, and fimbriae is described as critical for identifying the primary site. [115]
  • Surgical excision is described as the mainstay treatment and may include total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. [123]
  • Diagnosis by systematic pursuit of abnormal tests can lead to successful treatment of a small disease burden. [130]
  • Treatment approaches have been taken from experiences with ovarian cancer. [128]
  • Chemotherapy with taxol and cisplatin was instituted following debulking surgery. [129]
  • She received six cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel after a robotic hysterectomy. [130]
  • A robotic hysterectomy revealed histopathological stage IIIA serous carcinoma arising from both fallopian tubes. [130]
  • The review emphasizes the need for accurate assessment of symptoms to ensure early diagnosis and treatment. [131]
  • In a retrospective study, malignant cytology was significantly related to malignancy in histology samples from the ovaries and fallopian tubes. [174]
  • The 2002 population-based study observed better survival, stage by stage, for women with fallopian tube carcinoma than for women with epithelial ovarian cancer in that dataset. [37]
  • Optimal debulking surgery significantly improved prognosis in one retrospective series. [155]
Show 10 lab & early-research findings
  • A case report described neoadjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by surgery, adjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin, and niraparib maintenance in a patient with RAD51C-mutated primary fallopian tube cancer. [185]
  • One case report described total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, complete omental resection, bilateral pelvic enlarged lymph node resection, and groin node excision for fallopian tube cancer with inguinal metastasis. [116]
  • One case report described a left parietal craniotomy for resection of a brain metastasis from fallopian tube carcinoma. [124]
  • One case report described laparoscopic total hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, greater omentum resection, and pelvic lymphadenectomy during staging surgery. [186]
  • One case report described supracervical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, right ureteral lysis, right para-aortic and right pelvic lymph node debulking, and omentectomy. [123]
  • One case report described hysterectomy, omentectomy, and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy two months after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy. [187]
  • One case report described adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin after surgery for stage IA fallopian tube cancer, with no evidence of recurrence for 5 years. [187]
  • One case report states that surgery was performed with total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and para-aorta lymphadenectomy. [126]
  • One case report says extra-abdominal metastases can present a diagnostic challenge and may require thorough pathologic and radiologic work-up. [160]
  • A case report described laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by complete staging and laparotomic debulking. [188]
Staging & riskFallopian tube cancer is staged within the FIGO system used for ovarian and primary peritoneal cancers, with primary site designated where possible. Several sources describe stage definitions, revisions to the system, and the frequent use of surgical staging and tissue sampling.41 points
  • Primary fallopian tube carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and peritoneal cancer are staged collectively within the same FIGO system, and the primary site should be designated where possible. [96][98][100]3 sources
  • Stage IIIA1 is based on spread to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes without intraperitoneal dissemination. [98][100][189]3 sources
  • In the FIGO staging system, intraoperative rupture is IC1, capsule ruptured before surgery or tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface is IC2, and positive peritoneal cytology with or without rupture is IC3. [98][100]
  • Stage IIIC includes extension of tumor from the omentum to the spleen or liver, and isolated parenchymal metastases are stage IVB. [98][100]
  • The FIGO surgical staging of ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer was revised in 2014, and the guideline was revised accordingly. [3]
  • In the FIGO system, tumor confined to one or both fallopian tubes is stage I, tumor involving one or both fallopian tubes with pelvic extension is stage II, tumor involving one or both fallopian tubes with spread outside the pelvis or to retroperitoneal lymph nodes is stage III, and distant metastasis excluding peritoneal metastases is stage IV. [96]
  • One review states that women with inguinal lymph node metastasis are reclassified to FIGO stage IVB, and before 2014 inguinal lymph node metastasis was categorized as stage IIIC. [55]
  • One review states that accurate staging usually requires tissue sampling and extensive debulking surgery. [176]
  • The sources state that PWC has been used to detect metastasis and to stage malignant gynecologic cancers, including fallopian tube cancer. [174]
  • The laparoscopic staging series reported upstaging in 23% of women with apparent early stage ovarian or fallopian tube cancer, with an overall complication rate of 14% and a laparotomy conversion rate of 6%. [190]
  • The series reported disease-free survival of 94% and overall survival of 100% after a median follow-up of 18 months. [190]
  • The iniparib study defined platinum-sensitive disease as relapse more than 6 months after platinum therapy and platinum-resistant disease as relapse within 2 to 6 months. [136]
  • The SUNNY trial concept defines stage IIIC and IV disease as eligible advanced-stage disease. [23]
  • The sources include patients with stage III or IV fallopian tube cancer in a prospective imaging trial. [27]
  • In the Japanese BRCA study, 51.1% of patients had FIGO stage III-IV cancer. [143]
  • In one stage I series, fallopian tube cancer had a higher rate of stage IA disease than epithelial ovarian cancer. [144]
  • When stratified by stage, survival was similar for stage I and II tumors, but stage III and IV fallopian tube patients had improved survival. [35]
  • In the lymphadenectomy study, 41.0% of patients were diagnosed with FIGO stages I/II and 59.0% with stage III/IV. [63]
  • The JSGO guideline figure defines complete surgery as no residual carcinoma, optimal surgery as residual tumor less than 1 cm, and suboptimal surgery as residual tumor greater than 1 cm. [75]
  • In one MRI study of extrauterine high-grade serous carcinomas, tubal primaries were classified as ovarian cancer pattern in 62%, peritoneal cancer pattern in 35%, and fallopian tube cancer pattern in 3%. [77]
  • The RRSO study reported two FIGO stage I primary fallopian tube cancers and one FIGO stage IC3 case among the invasive carcinomas found. [79]
  • A review notes controversy over whether supra-renal para-aortic lymph node metastasis should be considered regional lymph node metastasis stage III or distant metastasis stage IV. [191]
  • The sources state that tubal intraepithelial or contralateral adnexal involvement should count as a pelvic disease site for staging purposes in tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. [82]
  • In one FDG-PET/CT series, added findings led to detection of metastases from ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer in 11 women. [180]
  • The PD-L1 study included advanced epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer treated by cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based therapy. [152]
  • The centralized-treatment study included women with FIGO stage III and IV epithelial ovarian and fallopian tube cancers. [181]
  • One trial review states that eligible patients had stage III or stage IV ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. [86]
  • A review of early-stage adnexal cancer staging reports that laparoendoscopic single-site surgery was used for suspected ovarian or tubal cancer in seven patients; all cases were successfully staged via LESS, no patient required conversion to traditional multiport laparoscopy or laparotomy, and there were no intra-operative complications and one postoperative pneumonia. [88]
  • In one retrospective series of 15 women who underwent complete staging surgery, 26.7% had nodal involvement and none had pelvic lymph nodes alone involved; the same series reported a 5-year survival rate of 86.3% with a median follow-up of 57.9 months. [182]
  • In one review, lymph nodes were involved in 10 of 17 cases, positive nodes were also found in 2 of 6 patients with disease still limited to the fallopian tube, and combined pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was described as necessary for staging. [112]
  • The absence of gross residual disease following primary surgery was the strongest predictor of disease-free status at second-look laparotomy. [172]
  • One source states that a small occult fallopian tube carcinoma was upstaged to FIGO stage IIIA1(i) after staging laparotomy found para-aortic lymph node metastasis. [192]
  • One source states that an endometrioid fallopian tube carcinoma confined to the tubal mucosa was classified as pT1a. [120]
  • One review states that primary fallopian tube carcinoma is frequently under-diagnosed pre-operatively. [123]
  • In one SEER analysis, fallopian tube patients were more likely to present with early stage tumors; among fallopian tube patients, 47% had stage I/II tumors compared with 29% of ovarian cancers. [35]
  • One retrospective niraparib study reported FIGO stage III/IV as an independent predictor of PFS, and time-dependent ROC analysis found FIGO staging among the most influential prognostic factors for 1-year and 3-year PFS. [47]
  • In a community-based cohort of stage I or II high-grade serous ovarian or fallopian tube cancer, early-stage cases rarely presented as masses smaller than 5 cm or as masses without solid components other than septations. [71]
  • In one U.S. registry analysis, stage at diagnosis was fairly evenly distributed among localized, regional, and distant disease. [193]
Show 3 lab & early-research findings
  • In one case report, a provisional FIGO IIA classification was later revised to FIGO IIIC because of positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. [169]
  • One case report described a final diagnosis of stage FIGO IA fallopian tube cancer. [187]
  • A reported case had histopathological stage IIIA serous carcinoma arising from both fallopian tubes. [130]
Treatments & compounds studiedThis section consolidates 90 therapeutics and procedures studied in fallopian tube cancer across chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy, repurposed drugs, supplements/natural agents, procedures/devices, and other reported interventions.72 treatments

Chemotherapy

  • paclitaxel · 4 findings
  • cyclophosphamide: Cyclophosphamide was reported as single-agent oral metronomic therapy for recurrent or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer, and carboplatin plus cyclosporin A was also reported in refractory ovarian and fallopian tube cancer. [204][205][206]3 sources
  • pegylated liposomal doxorubicin: Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin was included in bevacizumab-containing regimens and platinum-doublet studies in recurrent ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, with mixed efficacy and toxicity findings. [195][10][28][207]4 sources
  • chemotherapy: Chemotherapy was reported in retrospective and case-based settings for postoperative, induction, adjuvant, and palliative management, including platinum-based and taxane-based approaches. [174][56][93][96][183][128]6 sources
  • trabectedin: Trabectedin was studied in recurrent BRCA-mutated or BRCAness-associated ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, and the report described no overall survival improvement and more grade 3 or higher toxicities than control chemotherapy. [7]
  • nab-paclitaxel: Nab-paclitaxel was studied as monotherapy and in combination with relacorilant, and also with platinum in first-line chemotherapy regimens. [134][171]
  • gemcitabine: Gemcitabine was studied in combination with carboplatin, iniparib, bevacizumab, and other regimens, as well as as single-agent or later-line chemotherapy in recurrent disease. [136][140][105][208][127][200]6 sources
  • bevacizumab-combined single-agent chemotherapy: Bevacizumab-combined single-agent chemotherapy was studied in platinum-resistant recurrence during PARP inhibitor treatment, with reported objective response, disease control, progression-free survival, and hematologic toxicity outcomes. [209]
  • topotecan · 2 findings
    • Topotecan was studied with gefitinib in platinum-resistant ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, and the trial reported limited clinical activity and dose information. [26]
    • Topotecan plus bevacizumab was studied in platinum-resistant ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, with a reported median progression-free survival of 7.8 months. [31]
  • platinum-based chemotherapy: Platinum-based chemotherapy was used in prospective and retrospective studies, including as a response-assessment backbone and as standard postoperative treatment in early-stage disease. [27][175][183][96]4 sources
  • docetaxel · 2 findings
    • Docetaxel was studied in single-agent, combination, and case-report settings, including with carboplatin, oxaliplatin, and other regimens, with reports of modest activity and hematologic toxicity. [29][32][104][210][208][205][115]7 sources
    • Sources report docetaxel in a case-based regimen and paclitaxel/carboplatin in case-based treatment; the cited texts do not document gemcitabine, nedaplatin, or oxaliplatin regimens here. [208][159][205][127][160][126]6 sources
  • oxaliplatin: Oxaliplatin was studied in combination with docetaxel in recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer. [29][208]
  • platinum-based combination chemotherapy: Platinum-based combination chemotherapy was used before second-look laparotomy in a retrospective series. [172]
  • docetaxel plus carboplatin: Sources describe docetaxel plus carboplatin as second-line treatment in recurrent ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. [32][104][115][205]4 sources
  • etoposide: Etoposide was studied as palliative chemotherapy in recurrent or refractory epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer. [211]
  • cisplatin: Sources report cisplatin used with paclitaxel and with gemcitabine, with response and toxicity data in those settings. [85][113][101][212][129][67][61]7 sources
Show 1 lab & early-research entry

Targeted therapy

  • PARP inhibitors · 2 findings
    • NCCN guidance for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer discusses PARP inhibitors as maintenance and single-agent regimens for ovarian cancer, and real-world cohorts reported dose interruptions, reductions, discontinuations, and a median PARP inhibitor treatment duration of 9.8 months. [4][213][214][215]4 sources
    • Olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib were used in real-world maintenance or recurrent-disease cohorts, and PARP inhibitor toxicity led to dose changes and discontinuation in some patients. [215][213]
  • bevacizumab · 2 findings
    • Bevacizumab was studied in first-line, recurrent platinum-sensitive, and platinum-resistant settings, usually with chemotherapy and sometimes continued until progression, with reports describing progression-free survival, response outcomes, and adverse events including hypertension, proteinuria, thrombosis, fistula, and one grade 5 sepsis event in a bevacizumab-containing combination study. [195][6][10][17][19][140][216][139][28][165][209][217][52][218][70][219][220][118][208][201]20 sources
    • Bevacizumab was also reported in a Wolffian-origin adnexal tumor case report as part of integrated treatment. [208]
  • olaparib: Olaparib was studied as maintenance or monotherapy in newly diagnosed, recurrent, and real-world cohorts of ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, with reports of progression-free survival benefit in several settings and anemia-related toxicity in some cohorts. [11][16][135][221][213][62][222][118][192][150][167][220][89]13 sources
  • rucaparib: Rucaparib was studied as frontline maintenance treatment and in treatment or maintenance settings for ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, and rucaparib plus nivolumab was evaluated in a frontline maintenance trial. [14][213][72][212]4 sources
  • navicixizumab: Navicixizumab was studied with paclitaxel in a phase Ib trial. [137]
  • veliparib: Veliparib was studied as a PARP inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy and bevacizumab, with phase I dosing and tolerability data reported. [21][28][220]3 sources
  • cediranib: Cediranib was studied in recurrent or persistent ovarian, peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, with reports of dose reduction for toxicity, partial responses in platinum-sensitive disease, and clinical benefit in reviews. [30][33][89][223]4 sources
  • aflibercept: Aflibercept was listed among anti-angiogenesis agents reviewed for epithelial ovarian cancer. [223]
  • fosbretabulin: Fosbretabulin was listed among anti-angiogenesis agents reviewed for epithelial ovarian cancer. [223]
  • imatinib: Imatinib was listed among anti-angiogenesis agents reviewed for epithelial ovarian cancer. [223]
  • saracatinib: Saracatinib was listed among anti-angiogenesis agents reviewed for epithelial ovarian cancer. [223]
  • sorafenib: Sorafenib was listed among anti-angiogenesis agents reviewed for epithelial ovarian cancer. [223]
  • sunitinib: Sunitinib was listed among anti-angiogenesis agents reviewed for epithelial ovarian cancer. [223]
  • bortezomib: Bortezomib was discussed as a proteasome inhibitor with disappointing clinical response in ovarian carcinoma. [153]
  • fuzuloparib: Fuzuloparib was approved in China for platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer in patients with germline BRCA mutation and was also studied in phase II and III trials. [224][225]
  • niraparib: Niraparib was studied as maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed and recurrent ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, with progression-free survival findings and adverse-event data reported across trials and real-world cohorts. [138][47][44][226][83][227]6 sources
  • PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy: PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy was not reported in one Middle East HALO cohort, while the Taiwan HALO paper focused on HRD testing and prevalence. [165][39]
Show 1 lab & early-research entry
  • RA190: RA190 was described as a promising anticancer agent with activity in mouse models. [153]

Immunotherapy

  • nivolumab: Nivolumab was studied with rucaparib in a frontline maintenance trial, and immune checkpoint inhibitors were also reviewed in ovarian cancer studies. [14][228][212]3 sources
  • pembrolizumab: Pembrolizumab was studied with nemvaleukin alfa in the ARTISTRY-7 trial, and immune checkpoint inhibitors were also reviewed in ovarian cancer studies. [229][228]
  • nemvaleukin alfa: Nemvaleukin alfa was studied with pembrolizumab in ARTISTRY-7 for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. [229]
  • atezolizumab · 2 findings
    • Atezolizumab was tested with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab in a front-line phase III trial design. [86]
    • Atezolizumab was being tested in combination with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab in a front-line phase III trial design. [86]
  • intravenous immunoglobulin: Intravenous immunoglobulin was reported in case-based management of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. [230][212]

Hormonal therapy

  • levonorgestrel: Levonorgestrel was studied as a short preoperative progestin intervention in women at high risk for ovarian cancer undergoing prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy. [15]
  • combined oral contraceptives · 2 findings
    • A position statement described combined oral contraceptives as one of several measures recognized to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. [231]
    • Combined oral contraceptives and other measures were described as risk-reducing strategies for ovarian and fallopian tube cancer. [231]

Radiotherapy

  • radiotherapy: Sources describe postoperative radiotherapy in fallopian tube cancer and report a paraneoplastic case presentation; a pilot carbon ion radiotherapy series in ovarian cancer reported no grade >3 toxicities. [56][96][184][232][230][233]6 sources
  • carbon ion radiotherapy: Carbon ion radiotherapy was studied in oligo-metastatic, persistent, or recurrent ovarian/fallopian tube cancer, with reports of tolerability and limited high-grade toxicity. [56]

Procedures & devices

  • peritoneal washing cytology: Peritoneal washing cytology was used in a retrospective study, which detected malignant samples in a small subset of analyzable specimens. [174]
  • primary debulking surgery: Primary debulking surgery was compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery in the SUNNY trial concept. [23]
  • PET/CT-based cPCI: PET/CT-based cPCI was used in the SUNNY trial concept for tumor burden assessment. [23]
  • surgery: In a Nordic survey of nonepithelial ovarian cancer care, the primary reported treatment was surgery; other cited sources describe risk-reducing procedures such as RRSO, bilateral salpingectomy with deferred oophorectomy, and concurrent hysterectomy in high-risk women. [60][93][73][79][234][235][41][57][191][151][180][236][158][172][103][23][117][114][121][202][232]21 sources
  • second-look laparotomy: Second-look laparotomy after platinum-based chemotherapy found no disease in 60% of patients in one series. [172]
  • bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and related risk-reducing surgery were reported as feasible, commonly chosen, and associated with reduced cancer risk in high-risk women. [41][73][234][235][79]5 sources
  • salpingectomy: Salpingectomy was discussed as a risk-reducing strategy, but not as the standard of care for BRCA mutation carriers. [234]
  • risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy was associated with occult serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and invasive carcinomas in women with germline pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants. [79]
  • lymphadenectomy: Lymphadenectomy was associated with longer survival in early-stage primary fallopian tube cancer in a SEER-based study. [57]
  • FDG-PET/CT: FDG-PET/CT and PET scanning were used for staging or evaluation, with added findings sometimes prompting further examinations and modest treatment delays. [180][162]
  • port-site metastasis excision: Port-site metastasis excision was reported as surgical resection in a fallopian tube carcinosarcoma case. [117]
  • octreotide acetate: Octreotide acetate was used conservatively for postoperative pancreatic fistula after fallopian tube carcinosarcoma surgery. [201]
  • FDG-PET: FDG-PET was described as a whole-body imaging modality that can detect metastatic carcinoma of the fallopian tube. [162]
  • PET scanning: PET scanning was presented as an approach for persistent or recurrent disease in ovarian or fallopian tube cancer. [162]
Show 1 lab & early-research entry
  • hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Sources report that HIPEC was used with cytoreductive surgery in advanced gynecologic cancers, and one fallopian tube cancer case report described postoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal therapy. [67][114][121][103]4 sources

Other

  • relacorilant: Relacorilant was studied with nab-paclitaxel in platinum-resistant ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer, with the intermittent schedule showing a progression-free survival signal and the phase III report noting similar adjusted safety across groups. [5][237][134]3 sources
  • iniparib: Iniparib was studied with gemcitabine and carboplatin in phase II trials. [136]
  • Cantrixil: Cantrixil was studied as weekly intraperitoneal monotherapy and in combination with intravenous chemotherapy, with dose-escalation and toxicity data reported. [68]
  • BRCA1/2 mutation: BRCA1/2 mutation was associated with better progression-free survival in one institutional cohort, particularly among patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. [80]
PrognosisPrognosis in fallopian tube cancer is driven mainly by stage, residual disease after surgery, age, and histology, with earlier-stage disease generally linked to better survival. Several studies also report differences in survival by BRCA status, platinum sensitivity, and treatment setting, while advanced or recurrent disease is associated with shorter survival.66 points
  • One study reported that patients with BRCA mutations had a longer progression-free survival than BRCA wild-type patients in a niraparib maintenance cohort, and platinum sensitivity was an independent predictor for progression-free survival in niraparib-treated patients. [47][44]
  • In one review, FIGO stage was the most important clinicopathological prognostic factor, and advanced tumor stage, particularly lymph node metastases, worsened prognosis. [99][155]
  • Second-look laparotomy was reported to provide useful prognostic information in patients with tubal cancer, and approximately 80% of patients with a negative second-look after platinum-based chemotherapy remained disease-free in one series. [172][113]
  • The lack of an effective screening strategy has been associated with diagnosis at an advanced stage in epithelial ovarian cancer, which includes fallopian tube cancer in the review definition. [194]
  • In GOG-218, increasing age was associated with increased risk of death, and women aged 70 years or older had more grade 3 or greater toxicities than younger women. [9]
  • Women of Asian/Pacific Islander ancestry had a lower adjusted risk of death than non-Hispanic White women in the same analysis. [9]
  • Platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis, with overall survival of less than 12 months, overall response rates no greater than 15%, and median progression-free survival of 3–4 months. [10]
  • The HALO study reported that 56.0% of tested patients were homologous recombination deficiency-positive and 25.2% had BRCA mutations across the combined study population. [20]
  • In the SOLO1 trial, olaparib was associated with a lower risk of disease progression or death than placebo after a median follow-up of 41 months. [16]
  • The RETROLA cohort study reported a median progression-free survival of 17.0 months with olaparib. [135]
  • The occult cancer series reported a 10-year all-cause survival of 74% among 52 BRCA mutation carriers diagnosed with occult ovarian or fallopian tube cancer at preventive surgery. [24]
  • In the prospective imaging trial, ADC change after one cycle was associated with longer progression-free survival in relapsed disease, but was not indicative of overall survival. [27]
  • In the stage I series, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 100% for women with fallopian tube cancer and 93% for women with epithelial ovarian cancer, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 100% and 95%, respectively. [144]
  • In an adjusted Cox model, cancer-specific mortality was 48% lower in fallopian tube patients than in ovarian cancer patients, and the 5-year survival for stage III fallopian tube cancer was 54% compared with 30% for ovarian cancer in one analysis. [35]
  • Advanced age and stage were independent predictors of decreased survival among fallopian tube patients. [35]
  • One BRCA-associated series reported a median survival time of 68 months compared with 37 months in sporadic cases, but the difference was not statistically significant. [145]
  • One retrospective review reported a 5-year survival rate of 87% and an overall survival rate of 75%. [175]
  • A 1998 review said fallopian tube cancer seems to have a worse prognosis, stage for stage, than ovarian carcinoma. [132]
  • One review states that mortality rates vary by stage, grade, and tumor type, and that survival is better with some less common subtypes including sex cord stromal, germ cell, and borderline epithelial ovarian tumors. [176]
  • One study reported that the median progression-free survival was 25.7 months in the overall niraparib maintenance cohort, not reached in the BRCA mutation group and 23.0 months in the BRCA wild-type group, and not reached in the homologous recombination deficiency group and 23.0 months in the homologous recombination proficient group. [44]
  • A review states that choriocarcinoma and carcinosarcoma had an aggressive course, while squamous cell, transitional cell, clear cell, and mucinous carcinomas were less aggressive. [50]
  • The same review states that mucinous adenocarcinoma, mesothelioma, and borderline tumors were almost always asymptomatic and found only incidentally during surgery. [50]
  • One review states that platinum sensitivity was significantly associated with progression-free survival in the recurrence-treatment bevacizumab group. [52]
  • The Nordic survey states that nonepithelial ovarian tumors are often diagnosed at an early stage and have a good prognosis compared with epithelial ovarian cancer. [60]
  • In the oral etoposide study, the initial cancer stage was the only independent poor prognostic factor, and median overall survival was 8.3 months with median progression-free survival of 3.1 months. [211]
  • Five-year progression-free survival was 68.7% in stage IIIA1(i) and 58.1% in stage IIIA1(ii) in the retrospective cohort, and five-year overall survival was 83.1% and 80.2%, respectively. [189]
  • In the BRCA1/2 OCCR study, no significant differences were detected in overall survival regardless of variant location. [149]
  • In one retrospective series of 57 women with primary fallopian tube cancer, the 5-year overall survival rate was 69.23% and the disease-free survival rate was 44.23%, and tumor stage and residual tumor size were significantly associated with both survival outcomes. [76]
  • The RRSO study states that occult neoplasms were similar to those reported in other countries and that women with occult cancer were diagnosed with FIGO stage I. [79]
  • The RRSO study concluded that RRSO is the only promising method that can improve prognosis in women with germline pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants. [79]
  • In the PD-L1 study, PD-L1-positive expression was associated with longer overall survival in multivariate analyses, most pronounced in patients with partially platinum-sensitive disease. [152]
  • The centralized-treatment study reported increased 5-year relative survival from 24% to 37% after centralization, increased median relative survival from 27 months to 44 months, and a hazard ratio of 0.77 for 5-year disease-free survival after centralization. [181]
  • In the retrospective cisplatin and paclitaxel cohort, the median progression-free survival was 27 months, the mean overall survival was 56.0 months, and the median overall survival could not be obtained. [85]
  • The review reports that stage, patient age, and residual tumor after initial surgery are consistently important prognostic factors, and that the overall 5-year survival of primary fallopian tube carcinoma is 22–57%. [93]
  • A 2017 review reported that Chinese women with ovarian and fallopian tube carcinomas were younger at diagnosis and had worse prognosis. [95]
  • The same review reported no significant difference in survival between newly assigned fallopian tube carcinoma and type II ovarian carcinoma without tubal lesions. [95]
  • In one retrospective series, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 59% and the overall survival rate was 64%. [155]
  • In one retrospective series, the 5-year progression-free survival was 37.2% and the median progression-free survival was 26.0 months, and serous histology and stage were significant independent predictors of progression-free survival. [198]
  • In one review, median survival was 110 months in patients treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy when surgery resulted in no visible residual disease. [102]
  • A review states that high cyclin E protein expression was associated with a shorter median survival and an increased risk of death, non-detectable maspin was associated with suboptimally-debulked disease and an increased risk of disease progression and death, thrombospondin-1 was associated with progression-free survival and overall survival, and high CD105 microvessel density was associated with increased risk of disease progression but not death. [238]
  • A review reports that dose-dense weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival at 3 years in a phase III study that included fallopian tube cancer. [239]
  • In one cohort of ovarian, tubal, and primary peritoneal cancer patients treated for perioperative venous thromboembolism, VTE within 30 days of surgery was not independently associated with overall survival, and the median overall survival for the entire group was 5.9 years. [240]
  • Advanced stage, ascites, and residual disease greater than 1 cm were significant predictors of poorer overall survival in that cohort. [240]
  • A review states that early-stage diagnosis accounts for better survival compared with ovarian cancer. [109]
  • A 1996 series reported a median survival of 23 months and a 5-year actual survival of 33%, and there were no 2-year survivors among patients presenting with stage II-IV disease. [184]
  • The same series reported no correlation between tumor grade and survival. [184]
  • In one review, patients with negative nodes had a median survival of 76 months, compared with 33 months for patients with node metastases. [112]
  • In the Roswell Park series, median survival among patients with unifocal fallopian disease was 28 months, only 15% of patients were alive and disease free with follow-up ranging from 22 to 141 months, and negative laparotomy at second-look or third-look was associated with improved survival. [113]
  • One review states that Sister Mary Joseph’s nodules are generally associated with poor prognosis and are distinctive clinical manifestations of metastatic disease from intra-abdominal or pelvic malignancies. [118]
  • One review states that over 80% of low-grade serous carcinoma patients still experience disease recurrence. [241]
  • After chemotherapy, one reported patient had no evidence of disease at 5 years. [130]
  • The prognosis of malignant mixed müllerian tumor is catastrophic. [233]
  • In the registry study, fallopian tube cancer had improved survival compared with ovarian cancer in multivariate analysis. [242]
  • Five-year relative survival in the SEER study was 95% for stage I, 75% for stage II, 69% for stage III, and 45% for stage IV fallopian tube carcinoma. [37]
  • In the PARP inhibitor cohort, two secondary myelodysplastic syndromes were identified. [213]
  • In one retrospective cohort, 8 of 47 patients experienced recurrence after a median of 25 months, cumulative recurrence rates were 4.4% at 12 months, 9.1% at 24 months, 14.9% at 36 months, 19.3% at 48 months, and 25.7% at 60 months, and 43 of 47 patients were alive without evidence of disease at last follow-up. [51]
  • One review states that CMV positivity was associated with worse peripheral neuropathy symptoms in ovarian cancer survivors in the full cohort and with lower perceived cognitive functioning among participants currently receiving chemotherapy, while no differences in CRCI were observed by CMV positivity in the full cohort and EBV positivity was not associated with either outcome in the full cohort or among subgroups. [53]
  • In the SEER-based study, lymphadenectomy, tumor grade, and FIGO stage were reported as prognostic factors, while histology was also associated with survival in univariate analyses. [57]
  • The Swedish cohort reported the best relative survival for fallopian tube cancer and the worst relative survival for undesignated abdominal/pelvic cancer. [74]
  • In the olaparib cohort, no neoplasm recurrence was reported during 4 to 14 months of follow-up after LESS staging surgery in seven patients. [88]
  • In the Danish registry review, the 1- and 5-year relative survival rates of ovarian and tubal cancer combined increased during the study period in all the Nordic countries. [243]
  • In one retrospective series, optimal cytoreduction was associated with a decreased hazard of recurrence and mortality. [155]
  • In one prospective study of women with ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, approximately 25% had evidence of cognitive decline during chemotherapy and about 17% had cognitive decline at six months. [244]
Show 3 lab & early-research findings
  • One case report stated that the patient remained clinically stable with no evidence of disease progression at latest follow-up. [118]
  • One case report noted no evidence of recurrence for 5 years after adjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin. [187]
  • One case report noted no recurrence and no pulmonary symptoms at 12 months after surgery and chemotherapy. [186]
What we don't know yetMany aspects of fallopian tube cancer remain uncertain, including optimal treatment strategies, biomarkers, and the interpretation of some diagnostic findings. Ongoing studies and reviews also point to gaps in evidence for screening, staging, hereditary risk, and rare clinical scenarios.62 points
  • One source states that second-look laparotomy provides useful prognostic information, and another notes that second-look laparoscopy may be useful if positive. [172][113]
  • The evolution of PARP inhibitors as maintenance and single-agent regimens has informed ongoing guideline development. [4]
  • Combining cyclophosphamide with biological agents such as PARP inhibitors or immunotherapy agents is under active investigation. [204]
  • A strict SEE-FIM protocol would likely increase positive results. [163]
  • A phase III trial of relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel is ongoing. [5]
  • A phase III trial of niraparib with or without bevacizumab in advanced ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer planned to recruit 970 patients and expected primary endpoint presentation in 2028. [8]
  • The primary endpoint of that trial is progression-free survival. [8]
  • The optimal treatment strategy for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer remains to be determined. [14]
  • The benefit of olaparib as maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed disease was uncertain in the background section of one review. [16]
  • Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab did not meet the prespecified signal of activity in ovarian/fallopian tube cancer with ERBB2/3 alterations. [18]
  • Sources recommend a cutoff of 75% viable tumor cells with moderate-to-strong membrane staining as positive in cytology cell blocks for greater reliability. [142]
  • Researchers are searching for new medicines for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. [229]
  • Further study of selected patients with PI3K/mTOR pathway alterations was suggested in the everolimus and bevacizumab study. [139]
  • Further research is needed to determine the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in selected patients. [23]
  • The maximum tolerated dose was not reached in the demcizumab study. [22]
  • Apparent diffusion coefficient changes may be an early marker of response in advanced epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer. [27]
  • Serous ovarian and fallopian tube cancers may share similar risk-factor patterns, while primary peritoneal cancer may follow a different pathway. [34]
  • Long-term effects had not previously been described in the cited setting. [221]
  • Further study was warranted in the cediranib study. [31]
  • Future clinical trials should recognize the possible distinct clinical behavior of fallopian tube cancers. [35]
  • Treatment may be delayed because fallopian tube cancer is not routinely suspected. [36]
  • Important knowledge gaps remain in hereditary ovarian cancer in women of African ancestry. [40]
  • The mechanisms and predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors of cancer-related fatigue are not well understood. [45]
  • Most rare non-serous fallopian tube tumors have a similar disease course to typical fallopian tube cancer, but appropriate treatment protocols are lacking. [50]
  • The prognostic significance of inguinal lymph node metastasis reclassification has not been fully investigated, and further clinical and experimental studies are necessary to investigate its pathway and oncological significance. [55]
  • There are no data yet about the use of particle radiotherapy in oligo-metastatic, persistent, or recurrent ovarian/fallopian tube cancers. [56]
  • The optimal use of bevacizumab, including timing, duration, and whether it should be reserved for recurrence, remains uncertain. [218]
  • There is a lack of published data on the optimal number of lymph nodes to excise in PFTC. [57]
  • There is an unmet need for patients with BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer in first-line maintenance treatment. [167]
  • Prospective clinical national research programs are sparse. [60]
  • Enhanced cooperation toward a Nordic guideline and database, preferably with larger international groups, was called for. [60]
  • The association seen in the lymphadenectomy study needs further identification in a more diverse population. [63]
  • Patients may need interventions to address treatment-related fatigue during oral PARP inhibitor maintenance treatment. [245]
  • The clinical implications of supra-renal PAN metastasis are unclear in epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer, and whether supra-renal PAN metastasis is regional or distant should be investigated further. [191]
  • The clinical implications of FDG-PET/CT added findings must be balanced against the gain of detecting unrecognized malignancy. [180]
  • Further studies should test scalable interventions to improve fatigue in women with gynecologic cancers. [246]
  • Identification of precise biomarkers is a direction for future studies of antiangiogenic and immune checkpoint blockade combination therapy. [247]
  • High cost, unavailability of genetic testing, and limited number of geneticists may be barriers to universal genetic counseling and testing in limited-resource countries. [90]
  • Literature regarding the feasibility of LESS for early-stage adnexal cancer staging surgery is limited. [88]
  • There are insufficient data on treatment approaches for primary fallopian tube carcinoma. [93]
  • There are no effective screening procedures or early diagnostic approaches for ovarian cancer. [231]
  • The clinical utility of screening unselected individuals for pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants has not been established. [248]
  • Additional investigation of the oncologic outcomes and morbidity of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is warranted. [102]
  • Studies of the long-term health and quality of life after salpingo-oophorectomy in women who carry a BRCA mutation have not yet been published. [249]
  • Complete events of molecular genetic epidemiological changes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer remain to be identified. [107]
  • The validity of ovarian cancer data in the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database was sufficient for quality monitoring in gynecological oncology. [250]
  • The estimated completeness of reporting to the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database was 94.2%, and the strength of agreement between the database and medical files varied from moderate to very good. [250]
  • The literature reviewed in 2000 stated that the potential benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and paclitaxel were increasingly important. [183]
  • A 1996 series called for registration of all new cases and prospective multicenter studies to establish optimal management. [184]
  • Elevated CA 125 does not rule out successful radioimmunodetection, but it is not established as a diagnostic standard in fallopian tube cancer. [158]
  • There is not enough data to provide an accurate estimate of relapse incidence, pregnancy chance, or pregnancy outcome after assisted reproductive techniques in young patients with ovarian cancer. [251]
  • Further studies and longitudinal sampling are required to clarify Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule formation. [118]
  • The exact molecular mechanism and risk factors of inguinal lymph node metastasis in fallopian tube cancer remain to be studied. [116]
  • The prognosis of low-grade serous carcinoma is relatively good, but over 80% of patients still experience disease recurrence. [241]
  • The role of endometriosis in fallopian tube cancer remains controversial. [120]
  • Further investigation is needed to understand the particularities and prognostic relevance of extra-abdominal lymph node metastases. [252]
  • The source describes LAM as having an unknown origin and says it is still unknown whether there is a potential relationship between pelvic/peritoneal lymph node LAM and lung LAM and/or TSC. [186]
  • The optimal course of treatment for CNS metastasis of tubal carcinoma has not been clearly defined due to the low incidence of this disease, and standardized screening and treatment guidelines are difficult to establish. [124]
  • There is no standard strategy for the treatment of occult fallopian tube cancer detected after chemotherapy for BRCA1-associated triple-negative breast cancer. [187]
  • Little is known about the causes and/or risk factors of fallopian tube cancer. [128]
  • A literature review discussed the implications of BRCA mutation carriers and prophylactic surgery. [128]
  • The 1993 PET review presents potential uses of PET scanning in gynecologic oncology. [162]
EpidemiologyFallopian tube cancer is rare, with reported incidence and proportion estimates varying across studies and registries. It is most often diagnosed in postmenopausal women, and many series report advanced-stage disease at presentation.45 points
  • Women with inherited BRCA1/2 mutations have substantially elevated risks of breast and ovarian cancer. [173]
  • In one stage I series, fallopian tube cancer was associated with a higher rate of stage IA disease and a higher rate of grade 3 tumors than epithelial ovarian cancer. [144]
  • In the same series, 42.14% of patients were asymptomatic. [48]
  • In one institutional series of 157 primary fallopian tube cancer patients, 9 cases (6%) were rare non-serous cancers. [50]
  • A review of malignant ascites cases reported fallopian tube cancer as one of several possible primary tumors, but only 1 of 22 cases in that series had fallopian tube cancer. [253]
  • In the Nordic countries, 155 annual new nonepithelial ovarian cancer cases were reported, corresponding to approximately 7% of all ovarian cancer cases. [60]
  • In one review, 152 patients with primary fallopian tube cancer were analyzed for diagnostic features. [69]
  • In one retrospective series of 57 women with primary fallopian tube cancer, the mean age was 57.35 ± 9.01 years, the 5-year overall survival rate was 69.23%, and the disease-free survival rate was 44.23%. [76]
  • In the RRSO study, 3 of 117 women had serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and 3 of 117 had invasive carcinomas despite negative preoperative screening. [79]
  • In one institutional series, the average age at diagnosis was 60 years. [151]
  • In the USCS analysis, serous fallopian tube cancers accounted for 6.4% of serous cancers in the study population. [91]
  • The same review reported an increase in serous fallopian tube incidence from 0.19 to 0.35 to 0.63 per 100,000 women across 2001-2005, 2006-2010, and 2011-2014. [91]
  • The peak incidence age for fallopian tube cancer was 70-74 years in the review. [91]
  • The review reported that serous fallopian tube cancer incidence was highest in Whites compared with Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. [91]
  • Unexpected gynecologic malignancy among hysterectomies performed for benign indications included ovarian, peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer in 1.08% of cases in one study. [254]
  • In one review, the main type of primary fallopian tube carcinoma was serous type, often poorly differentiated. [99]
  • One review states that advanced-stage ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer has a 70%-80% recurrence rate. [102]
  • One review states that there are well-documented disparities among racial and ethnic groups with respect to epithelial ovarian cancer prevalence. [107]
  • The incidence rate of primary fallopian tube carcinoma in the United States was 0.41 per 100,000 women from 1998 to 2003. [193]
  • White, non-Hispanic women and women aged 60-79 had the highest incidence rates, and among women aged 65-69, incidence rates increased significantly by 3.8% per year from 1998 to 2003. [193]
  • Stage at diagnosis was fairly evenly distributed among localized, regional, and distant disease. [193]
  • The majority of primary fallopian tube carcinomas were adenocarcinomas, with serous and endometrioid subtypes reported among adenocarcinomas. [193]
  • Most primary fallopian tube carcinomas were unilateral at diagnosis. [193]
  • In the Roswell Park series, primary fallopian tube cancer represented 1.3% of ovarian malignancies treated during the study period. [113]
  • Another source reports that fallopian tube cancer represents between 0.3% and 1.8% of malignant tumors in the gynecological sphere. [120]
  • The source says the mean age of diagnosis is between 60 and 75 years. [125]
  • BRCA1/2 mutation carriers are described as being at high risk for type II ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer, and occult ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer is discovered upon risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in 1-4% of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. [187]
  • Fallopian tube carcinoma is found primarily in postmenopausal women. [128]
  • Fallopian tube carcinoma comprises less than 1% of all gynecologic cancers. [128]
  • Metastases of ovarian or fallopian tube carcinomas to the breast and axillary lymph nodes are quite uncommon and usually occur in advanced stages. [161]
  • The disease is described as rare in the available review. [131]
  • In a meta-analysis of RRSO specimens from BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, 61.3% of occult cancers occurred in the fallopian tubes and 32.3% occurred in the ovaries, and 81.5% of occult cancers were in early stages. [163]
  • In one population-based registry study, 327 patients with fallopian tube cancer were diagnosed between 1998 and 2014. [242]
  • A population-based case-control study reported that hormonal contraceptive use was inversely related to risk of serous ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers, and that parity and breast-feeding were inversely related to risk of serous ovarian and fallopian tube cancer. [34]
  • In one SEER analysis, 1,576 of 55,825 patients (3%) had fallopian tube cancer and 54,249 (97%) had ovarian cancer; fallopian tube patients were more likely to present with early stage tumors, and 47% had stage I/II tumors compared with 29% of ovarian cancers. [35]
  • In a SEER analysis, 416 women with fallopian tube carcinoma were identified between 1990 and 1997. [37]
  • In a registry analysis, the number of fallopian tube cancer patients with germline testing was 4,034 and the number with somatic testing was 330. [164]
  • A retrospective cohort study reported an increased hazard of ovarian/fallopian tube cancer in women with PCOS compared with women without PCOS. [255]
  • In one retrospective series of 280 patients, the median age was 58 years and 76.43% were postmenopausal. [48]
  • In one retrospective cohort, 46 of 895 patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer were classified as stage IIIA1. [189]
  • In another cohort of 28 patients treated with olaparib, 2 patients (7.1%) had fallopian tube cancer. [89]
  • A Danish registry review reported 363 cases of tubal cancer during 1993-2013, and incidence was quite stable. [243]
  • In one retrospective series, the median age of patients with primary fallopian tube cancer was 62.5 years, and stage III/IV disease was the most common stage, occurring in 55% of patients. [155]
  • In one retrospective review, the median age of patients was 48 years. [112]
  • In one SEER analysis of stage IV disease, fallopian tube cancers accounted for 1290 of 9828 eligible patients. [256]
Biology & pathwaysMultiple pathways are described for fallopian tube and related high-grade serous pelvic cancers, including a proposed progression from p53 signature to serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and invasive carcinoma, with the fimbrial fallopian tube epithelium often cited as a site of origin. The section also highlights recurrent biology involving DNA repair defects, angiogenesis, and hormone-related signaling.29 points
  • Relacorilant is described as a selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist or modulator that may restore chemosensitivity by antagonizing cortisol signaling. [5][237]
  • Bevacizumab is described as a recombinant monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor. [10][218]
  • Emerging data support the model that fallopian tubes are the site of origin for a proportion of high-grade serous cancers. [234][84]
  • The sources report lymphatic spread to pelvic and paraaortic nodes in fallopian tube cancer, and node metastases were reported to increase significantly with intraperitoneal stage of disease and with grading. [158][112]
  • Observed differences in risk factor profile, clinicopathologic and prognostic factors, as well as molecular patterns, indicate that peritoneal cancer and ovarian cancer may be linked to different carcinogenic pathways. [133]
  • A transcriptome study in Microtus fortis compared fallopian tube cancer tissue with healthy fallopian tube tissue and identified differentially expressed genes. [257]
  • CYR61, RAP1B, RHOA, RAC1, and BTG3 may serve an important role in the pathogenesis of primary ovarian cancer in M. fortis. [257]
  • Fuzuloparib is described as an orally administered PARP1 inhibitor with potential anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer, including fallopian tube cancer. [225]
  • The source reports that DMPA induced cleaved caspase-3 and that it cleared genetically damaged cells from the fallopian tube. [177]
  • Simultaneous germline and tumor sequencing can identify somatic BRCA mutations at diagnosis. [151]
  • Niraparib inhibits poly-ADP ribose polymerase, which the review describes as vital to the survival of cancer cells. [83]
  • Blocking VEGF-VEGF receptor 2 binding and downstream signaling pathways may normalize tumor blood vessels and increase T cell infiltration. [247]
  • The source reports that germline BRCA mutations were detected in patients with high grade epithelial ovarian cancer, including fallopian tube and peritoneal cancer, and that BRCA mutations were found only in high grade serous carcinoma in this study. [90]
  • The review states that ovarian cancer cells are highly dependent on proteasome function and especially sensitive to treatment with a proteasome inhibitor. [153]
  • Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome in fallopian tube cancer has been associated with onconeuronal antibodies, and a strongly positive anti-Yo antibody was reported in a case of undifferentiated fallopian tube carcinoma. [169]
  • Many high-grade serous carcinomas appear to develop from tiny lesions in the fallopian tube, and tubal intraepithelial carcinoma is described as a plausible precursor for many pelvic serous carcinomas. [106]
  • One review states that three primary pathways of Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule development have been proposed: direct invasion of the peritoneum, lymphatic dissemination, and hematogenous spread. [118]
  • Ovarian lymphatic drainage can reach para-aortic, interiliac, and inguinal lymph nodes. [116]
  • Distant manifestations may occur through the lymphatic system and, less frequently, through hematogenous spread. [252]
  • Extra-abdominal lymph node involvement may occur with no or mild symptoms, and even when no macroscopic disease is seen in the pelvic cavity. [252]
  • The report states that LAM has an unknown origin and spreads through lymphatic vessels. [186]
  • The pathogenic mechanism in BRIP1-mutated hereditary ovarian cancer may be the same as in BRCA1 and BRCA2-mutated disease. [170]
  • The fallopian tube has received attention as an origin of high-grade pelvic malignancies. [130]
  • Fallopian tube cancer can masquerade as other lesions, including a pelvic inflammatory process and cervical cancer. [129]
  • Metastases from ovarian or fallopian tube carcinomas may mimic primary breast carcinoma. [161]
  • The PET review notes that the modality focuses on the biochemical differences between malignant tissues and their normal counterparts and links tumor imaging to the increased rate of glucose metabolism in tumors. [162]
  • Sources describe the fallopian tube epithelium, including the fimbrial end in a case report, as a proposed site of origin for many or most ovarian cancers/high-grade ovarian cancers. [177][115]
  • One case report found upregulation of genes involved in cell adhesion, migration, and stromal remodeling in umbilical and inguinal lymph node metastases compared with the primary tumor, and suggested that Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule may arise via a pathway different from that of lymph node metastasis. [118]
  • Hematogenous spread remains a plausible hypothesis for Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule formation, although definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from a single case. [118]
Safety & interactionsSafety data for fallopian tube cancer come from retrospective studies, trials, reviews, and case reports, and most reports describe hematologic, gastrointestinal, neurologic, or surgical complications. Several sources also note procedure-related risks, treatment discontinuation, and occasional serious adverse events or deaths.34 points
  • One study reported niraparib-associated adverse events in 62.84% of enrolled patients, mainly mild to moderate hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities; a separate real-world study reported no new safety signals were observed. [47][44]
  • Laparoscopic staging was complicated in 5 of 35 women, including one vena cava injury and one transverse colon injury requiring laparotomy repair. [190]
  • In SOLO2, the most common grade 3 or worse treatment-emergent adverse event with olaparib was anaemia. [12]
  • In the demcizumab study, the most common treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhea, fatigue, peripheral edema, and nausea. [22]
  • In the topotecan plus gefitinib study, the most serious adverse events attributed to therapy were anemia, neutropenia, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea. [26]
  • In the docetaxel-carboplatin trial, grade 3/4 neutropenia was common and febrile neutropenia occurred in 16% of patients. [32]
  • In the cediranib study, grade 3 toxicities included hypertension, fatigue, and diarrhea, and grade 2 hypothyroidism occurred in 43% of patients. [33]
  • In the paclitaxel poliglumex and carboplatin trial, myelotoxicity was considerable, with 95% of patients experiencing at least one episode of grade 4 neutropenia and 80% experiencing at least one episode of grade 3 thrombocytopenia. [203]
  • In the phase II paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab study, grade 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 23.3% and 25% of cycles, respectively. [216]
  • In one pharmacovigilance analysis, niraparib was associated with safety signals for peripheral, autonomic, sensory, and motor neuropathies, while no safety signals for peripheral neuropathy were identified with olaparib or rucaparib. [227]
  • The pegylated liposomal doxorubicin study reported no clear difference in median progression-free survival, time to platinum resistance, median overall survival, or median overall survival from PARP inhibitor start versus other platinum doublets. [207]
  • In the fuzuloparib pharmacokinetic study, itraconazole increased fuzuloparib exposure and the combination was reported as safe and tolerable in healthy male subjects. [225]
  • In the nab-paclitaxel plus platinum study, grade 3 or 4 anemia, white blood cell decrease, and neutrophil count decrease occurred in 15.3%, 11.1%, and 20.8% of patients, respectively, and no drug-related hypersensitivity reaction occurred. [171]
  • In the SPL-108 study, there were no grade 4 to 5 toxicities and no treatment-related deaths, and one patient had grade 3 peripheral sensory neuropathy attributed to paclitaxel. [196]
  • The main toxicity of oral etoposide was neutropenia. [211]
  • In the olaparib study, grade ≥3 anemia occurred in 32.7% of patients and grade ≥1 anemia occurred in 61.1% of patients. [62]
  • With bevacizumab plus chemotherapy, hypertension, proteinuria, mucositis, bleeding, thromboembolic events, and fistula were reported as bevacizumab-related adverse events, and gastrointestinal perforation or other life-threatening lethal adverse events were not observed. [70]
  • In the rucaparib analysis, 2.1% of enrolled and dosed patients developed therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. [72]
  • In the PainVision study, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy was common after paclitaxel and carboplatin. [197]
  • Further examination of FDG-PET/CT added findings delayed treatment start by a median of 4 days. [180]
  • In one longitudinal study of gynecologic cancers, 48% reported clinically significant fatigue after surgery and 39% reported fatigue 1 year later, and fatigue after surgery was associated with higher odds of fatigue at 12 months. [246]
  • In the real-world PARP inhibitor review, the average cost of therapy was $8018 per cycle and 711 phone calls were documented. [215]
  • Mirvetuximab soravtansine therapy can cause transient corneal toxicity, and in one report all five patients had blurred vision and tearing, with some also having ocular pain, foreign-body sensation, and photophobia. [87]
  • Cisplatin plus gemcitabine was reported to have grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 11.1% and 22.2% of patients, respectively. [101]
  • Docetaxel plus carboplatin was associated with grade 3/4 neutropenia in 98% of patients and neutropenic fever in 8.4% of courses. [104]
  • After prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy, vasomotor symptoms related to surgical menopause and changes in sexual functioning are common, and hormone replacement therapy appears to mitigate some but not all of these symptoms. [249]
  • The important quality indicator 'complication' had the lowest strength of agreement in the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database validation study. [250]
  • The severity of neutropenia and anemia due to chemotherapy before olaparib may be a potential marker for discontinuation. [222]
  • Patients with multiple myeloma and advanced primary fallopian tube cancer were described as having increased susceptibility to infection, especially in elderly and immunocompromised patients. [114]
  • In the olaparib real-world cohort, the most common serious ADRs were anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. [167]
  • In the OPAL cohort, dose-dense weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin required more dose reductions and delays due to haematological toxicities than three-weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel. [78]
  • In the retrospective cisplatin and paclitaxel cohort, no treatment-related death was observed; the most common all-grade adverse events were anemia, neutropenia, and nausea and vomiting; grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 21.9% of patients and grade 3/4 anemia occurred in 6.3% of patients; and there was no grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia or grade 3/4 kidney injury, proteinuria, sensory neuropathy, nausea, or vomiting. [85]
  • In one cohort, there were no deaths from venous thromboembolism within 30 days of surgery, and 57 of 559 patients developed venous thromboembolism within 30 days of initial surgery. [240]
  • In a 46-patient retrospective study, 21 patients discontinued olaparib within 90 days because of adverse effects; among those who discontinued, grade 3 or higher anemia, grade 3 or higher neutropenia, and non-hematologic toxicity were reported, and grade 4 neutropenia and chemotherapy-related grade 2-3 anemia were predictors of olaparib discontinuation. [222]

Common questions

What is Fallopian Tube Cancer?

Fallopian tube cancer is rare and is most often discussed together with ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer in clinical studies and reviews. The sources also describe overlap in histology, diagnosis, and management, especially for high-grade serous disease and BRCA-associated risk.

How common is Fallopian Tube Cancer?

Fallopian tube cancer is rare, with reported incidence and proportion estimates varying across studies and registries. It is most often diagnosed in postmenopausal women, and many series report advanced-stage disease at presentation.

Which biomarkers are important in Fallopian Tube Cancer?

Key biomarkers in fallopian tube cancer include BRCA1/2 and other homologous recombination repair genes, CA125, FRα, p53, and STIC-related pathology. Several studies also report HRD, LOH, PD-L1, HE4, and other molecular or serum markers in cohorts that included fallopian tube cancer.

What is the biology of Fallopian Tube Cancer?

Multiple pathways are described for fallopian tube and related high-grade serous pelvic cancers, including a proposed progression from p53 signature to serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and invasive carcinoma, with the fimbrial fallopian tube epithelium often cited as a site of origin. The section also highlights recurrent biology involving DNA repair defects, angiogenesis, and hormone-related signaling.

How is Fallopian Tube Cancer treated?

Standard management for fallopian tube cancer generally follows ovarian cancer pathways and centers on surgical staging or cytoreduction with platinum-based chemotherapy. In recurrent or platinum-resistant disease, treatment selection is often based on platinum sensitivity, with maintenance and targeted options described in some settings.

What treatments are studied for Fallopian Tube Cancer?

This section consolidates 90 therapeutics and procedures studied in fallopian tube cancer across chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy, repurposed drugs, supplements/natural agents, procedures/devices, and other reported interventions.

Sources

Every statement above is drawn from these reviewed sources. This page reports what they describe. Sources last checked June 9, 2026.

  1. GuidelinePractice Bulletin No 182: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome · 2017
  2. GuidelinePractice Bulletin No. 182 Summary: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome · 2017
  3. GuidelineJapan Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines 2015 for the treatment of ovarian cancer including primary peritoneal cancer and fallopian tube cancer · 2016
  4. GuidelineNCCN Guidelines® Insights: Ovarian Cancer/Fallopian Tube Cancer/Primary Peritoneal Cancer, Version 3.2024 · 2024
  5. Randomized trialRelacorilant and nab-paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (ROSELLA): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial · 2025
  6. Randomized trialFirst-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer or primary peritoneal cancer: a phase III randomized controlled trial · 2024
  7. Randomized trialSingle-Agent Trabectedin Versus Physician's Choice Chemotherapy in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer With BRCA-Mutated and/or BRCAness Phenotype: A Randomized Phase III Trial · 2024
  8. Randomized trialAGO-OVAR 28/ENGOT-ov57. Niraparib alone versus niraparib in combination with bevacizumab in patients with carboplatin-taxane-based chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a multicenter randomized phase III trial · 2023
  9. Randomized trialPrognostic significance of ethnicity and age in advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer: An NRG oncology/gynecologic oncology group study · 2022
  10. Randomized trialEfficacy and safety of standard of care with/without bevacizumab for platinum-resistant ovarian/fallopian tube/peritoneal cancer previously treated with bevacizumab: The Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group study JGOG3023 · 2022
  11. Randomized trialPatient-centred outcomes and effect of disease progression on health status in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA mutation receiving maintenance olaparib or placebo (SOLO1): a randomised, phase 3 trial · 2021
  12. Randomized trialOlaparib tablets as maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation (SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21): a final analysis of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial · 2021
  13. Randomized trialTo compare the optimal cytoreduction rate in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer stage III/IV after 3 versus 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy · 2021
  14. Randomized trialATHENA (GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45): a randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib as monotherapy (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib in combination with nivolumab (ATHENA-COMBO) as maintenance treatment following frontline platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer · 2021
  15. Randomized trialPhase II Trial of Chemopreventive Effects of Levonorgestrel on Ovarian and Fallopian Tube Epithelium in Women at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer: An NRG Oncology Group/GOG Study · 2019
  16. Randomized trialMaintenance Olaparib in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer · 2018
  17. Randomized trialOCEANS: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial of chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer · 2012
  18. Clinical trialPertuzumab and Trastuzumab in Patients With ERBB2/3-Altered Urothelial or Ovary/Fallopian Tube Cancer: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study · 2026
  19. Clinical trialBevacizumab beyond progression: Impact of subsequent bevacizumab re-treatment in patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer after progression · 2025
  20. Clinical trialPrevalence of homologous recombination deficiency among women with newly diagnosed ovarian, primary peritoneal, and/or fallopian tube cancer: the international HALO study · 2025
  21. Clinical trialA phase I study of intravenous or intraperitoneal platinum based chemotherapy in combination with veliparib and bevacizumab in newly diagnosed ovarian, primary peritoneal and fallopian tube cancer · 2020
  22. Clinical trialDemcizumab combined with paclitaxel for platinum-resistant ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer: The SIERRA open-label phase Ib trial · 2020
  23. Clinical trialStudy of upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery for patients with stage IIIC and IV ovarian cancer, SGOG SUNNY (SOC-2) trial concept · 2020
  24. Clinical trialLong-term outcomes following a diagnosis of ovarian cancer at the time of preventive oophorectomy among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers · 2020
  25. Clinical trialPrevalence of Tissue BRCA Gene Mutation in Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Primary Peritoneal Cancers: A Multi-Institutional Study · 2020
  26. Clinical trialPhase Ib/II study of weekly topotecan and daily gefitinib in patients with platinum resistant ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer · 2020
  27. Clinical trialDiffusion-weighted MRI in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Apparent Diffusion Coefficient as a Response Marker · 2019
  28. Clinical trialA phase I trial of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), carboplatin, bevacizumab and veliparib in recurrent, platinum-sensitive ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study · 2016
  29. Clinical trialPhase I study of intravenous (IV) docetaxel and intraperitoneal (IP) oxaliplatin in recurrent ovarian and fallopian tube cancer · 2015
  30. Clinical trialA phase 2 study of cediranib in recurrent or persistent ovarian, peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer: a trial of the Princess Margaret, Chicago and California Phase II Consortia · 2015
  31. Clinical trialCombined weekly topotecan and biweekly bevacizumab in women with platinum-resistant ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer: results of a phase 2 study · 2011
  32. Clinical trialA multicenter, non-randomized, phase II study of docetaxel and carboplatin administered every 3 weeks as second line chemotherapy in patients with first relapse of platinum sensitive epithelial ovarian, peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer · 2014
  33. Clinical trialCediranib, an oral inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor kinases, is an active drug in recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer · 2009
  34. Clinical trialSerous ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancers: a comparative epidemiological analysis · 2008
  35. Clinical trialImproved survival for fallopian tube cancer: a comparison of clinical characteristics and outcome for primary fallopian tube and ovarian cancer · 2008
  36. Clinical trialPrimary fallopian tube cancer--a ten year review. Clinicopathological study of 12 cases · 2004
  37. Clinical trialTreatment and survival for women with Fallopian tube carcinoma: a population-based study · 2002
  38. Review articleFIGO 2025 Gynecologic Cancers: An Ultrasound-Focused Imaging Update · 2026
  39. Review articlePrevalence of homologous recombination deficiency in ovarian, primary peritoneal, and/or fallopian tube cancer: results from HALO-Taiwan subset · 2026
  40. Review articleHereditary ovarian cancer in women with African ancestry: a scoping review · 2026
  41. Review articleRisk reduction bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with vNOTES: A new era in cancer prevention strategies · 2026
  42. Review articleFrequency of Genetic Testing Among Patients With Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancers: A Strategy to Improve Compliance · 2025
  43. Review articleA knowledge, attitudes, and practices study on BRCA mutations among family members of women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian or fallopian tube cancer · 2025
  44. Review articleReal-World Experience of Niraparib as Maintenance Therapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study · 2025
  45. Review articleAssessment of Active Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infections and Patient Reported Fatigue in Ovarian Cancer Survivors · 2025
  46. Review articleCorrelation between preoperative PCI imaging, intraoperative PCI measurement, and overall survival in peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to ovarian, tubal, and primary peritoneal carcinoma · 2025
  47. Review articleImpacts of BRCA mutations and clinical factors on niraparib efficacy in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer: a retrospective study · 2025
  48. Review articleClinical and ultrasound characteristics of primary fallopian tube carcinoma: a single-institution retrospective study of 280 cases · 2025
  49. Review articleThe Imaging of Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma: A Literature Review · 2025
  50. Review articleRare non-serous fallopian tube cancers: institutional experience and literature review · 2024
  51. Review articleRecurrence Rate and Associated Factors of Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma in the South of Vietnam · 2024
  52. Review articleReal-world study of bevacizumab treatment in patients with ovarian cancer: a Chinese single-institution study of 155 patients · 2023
  53. Review articleAssociations of cytomegalovirus infection with cancer-related cognitive impairment and peripheral neuropathy in ovarian cancer survivors · 2024
  54. Review articlePositive Rate of Malignant Cells in Endometrial Cytology Samples of Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, and Primary Peritoneal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis · 2023
  55. Review articleInguinal Lymph Node Metastasis as Sole Manifestation of Ovarian / Fallopian Tube Cancer: a Review of the Literature · 2023
  56. Review articleThe first real-world study on the role of carbon ion radiotherapy for oligo-metastatic, persistent, or recurrent (MPR) ovarian/fallopian tube cancer · 2024
  57. Review articleLymphadenectomy and optimal excise lymph nodes count for early-stage primary fallopian tube cancer: a SEER-based study · 2023
  58. Review articlePrevalence of active cytomegalovirus infection at diagnosis of ovarian cancer and during chemotherapy and subsequent changes in cognitive functioning · 2023
  59. Review articleMR of Fallopian Tubes: MR Imaging Clinics · 2023
  60. Review articleNonepithelial ovarian cancer - the current clinical practice in the Nordic countries. Survey from the surgical subcommittee of the Nordic society of gynecological oncology (NSGO) · 2022
  61. Review articlePretreatment Nutritional Status in Combination with Inflammation Affects Chemotherapy Interruption in Women with Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancer · 2022
  62. Review articlePatient-associated risk factors for severe anemia in patients with advanced ovarian or breast cancer receiving olaparib monotherapy: A multicenter retrospective study · 2022
  63. Review articleLymphadenectomy in Primary Fallopian Tube Cancer is Associated with Improved Survival · 2022
  64. Review articlec-MET/VEGFR-2 co-localisation impacts on survival following bevacizumab therapy in epithelial ovarian cancer: an exploratory biomarker study of the phase 3 ICON7 trial · 2022
  65. Review articlePrognostic Significance of Clinical Factors Including BRCA Mutation in Epithelial Ovarian, Peritoneal, Fallopian Tube Cancer · 2022
  66. Review articlePamiparib for germline BRCA mutation-associated recurrent advanced ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer · 2022
  67. Review articleProlonged Exposition with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) May Provide Survival Benefit after Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) in Advanced Primary Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Primary Peritoneal Cancer · 2022
  68. Review articleMaximum Tolerated Dose and Anti-Tumor Activity of Intraperitoneal Cantrixil (TRX-E-002-1) in Patients with Persistent or Recurrent Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer: Phase I Study Results · 2021
  69. Review articlePRACTICAL MEANS OF PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF PRIMARY FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER · 2021
  70. Review articleA prospective cohort study on the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy in Japanese patients with relapsed ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer · 2021
  71. Review articleUltrasound characteristics of early-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer · 2021
  72. Review articlePreexisting TP53-Variant Clonal Hematopoiesis and Risk of Secondary Myeloid Neoplasms in Patients With High-grade Ovarian Cancer Treated With Rucaparib · 2021
  73. Review articleFactors affecting surgical decision-making in carriers of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants undergoing risk-reducing surgery at a dedicated hereditary ovarian cancer clinic · 2021
  74. Review articleIncidence and survival of epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, peritoneal, and undesignated abdominal/pelvic cancers in Sweden 1960-2014: A population-based cohort study · 2021
  75. Review articleThe 2020 Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines for the treatment of ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer · 2021
  76. Review articleClinical characteristics of primary Fallopian tube carcinoma: A single-institution retrospective study of 57 cases · 2021
  77. Review articleMagnetic resonance imaging findings of extrauterine high-grade serous carcinoma based on new pathologic criteria for primary site assignment · 2021
  78. Review articleEvaluating the impact of dose reductions and delays on progression-free survival in women with ovarian cancer treated with either three-weekly or dose-dense carboplatin and paclitaxel regimens in the national prospective OPAL cohort study · 2020
  79. Review articleClinical and pathological outcomes of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy for Japanese women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer · 2021
  80. Review articleGermline and Somatic BRCA1/2 Gene Mutational Status and Clinical Outcomes in Epithelial Peritoneal, Ovarian, and Fallopian Tube Cancer: Over a Decade of Experience in a Single Institution in Korea · 2020
  81. Review articleOvarian Cancer Risk Factor Associations by Primary Anatomic Site: The Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium · 2020
  82. Review articleMetastases to the ovary arising from endometrial, cervical and fallopian tube cancer: recent advances · 2020
  83. Review articleNiraparib for the Treatment of Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer · 2020
  84. Review articleIncidence trends for epithelial peritoneal, ovarian, and fallopian tube cancer during 1999-2016: a retrospective study based on the Korean National Cancer Incidence Database · 2020
  85. Review articleWeekly Dose-Dense Paclitaxel and Triweekly Low-Dose Cisplatin: A Well-Tolerated and Effective Chemotherapeutic Regimen for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Primary Peritoneal Cancer · 2019
  86. Review articleTrials in progress: IMagyn050/GOG 3015/ENGOT-OV39. A Phase III, multicenter, randomized study of atezolizumab versus placebo administered in combination with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab to patients with newly-diagnosed stage III or stage IV ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer · 2019
  87. Review articleOcular Toxicity of Mirvetuximab · 2019
  88. Review articleLESS with Suture Suspension for Early-Stage Adnexa Cancer Staging · 2019
  89. Review articleOlaparib in the therapy of advanced ovarian cancer: first real world experiences in safety and efficacy from China · 2019
  90. Review articleBRCA mutation in high grade epithelial ovarian cancers · 2019
  91. Review articleTrends in the incidence of serous fallopian tube, ovarian, and peritoneal cancer in the US · 2018
  92. Review articleClinicopathologic features and BRCA mutations in primary fallopian tube cancer in Japanese women · 2018
  93. Review articlePrognostic factors of primary fallopian tube carcinoma · 2018
  94. Review articlePrimary cancer of the fallopian tubes: histological and immunohistochemical features · 2016
  95. Review articleHigh-grade serous ovarian and fallopian tube carcinomas with similar clinicopathological characteristics might originate from serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma in Chinese women · 2017
  96. Review articlePrimary fallopian tube carcinoma: review of MR imaging findings · 2015
  97. Review articleManagement of Fallopian Tube Cancer · 2015
  98. Review articleOvarian, fallopian tube and peritoneal cancer staging: Rationale and explanation of new FIGO staging 2013 · 2015
  99. Review articlePrimary fallopian tube cancer: domestic data and up-to-date review · 2014
  100. Review articleAbridged republication of FIGO's staging classification for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum · 2015
  101. Review articleThe safety and efficacy of cisplatin plus gemcitabine in recurrent ovarian cancer · 2014
  102. Review articleIntraperitoneal chemotherapy from Armstrong to HIPEC: challenges and promise · 2014
  103. Review articleSafety and outcome of patients treated with a modified outpatient intraperitoneal regimen for epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer · 2013
  104. Review articleSecond-line chemotherapy with docetaxel and carboplatin in paclitaxel and platinum-pretreated ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer · 2012
  105. Review articleOutcome of single agent generic gemcitabine in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma · 2012
  106. Review articleEarly detection of ovarian and fallopian tube cancer by examination of cytological samples from the endometrial cavity · 2013
  107. Review articleMolecular genetics and epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer (Review) · 2011
  108. Review articleClinical Approach to Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Carcinoma · 2011
  109. Review articlePrimary fallopian tube carcinoma · 2005
  110. Review articleBRCA2 germline mutations in primary cancer of the fallopian tube · 2004
  111. Review articleMolecular evidence linking primary cancer of the fallopian tube to BRCA1 germline mutations · 2000
  112. Review articleFallopian tube cancer: incidence and role of lymphatic spread · 1996
  113. Review articleFallopian tube cancer. The Roswell Park experience · 1990
  114. Case reportAdvanced primary fallopian tube cancer was found during chemotherapy for multiple myeloma: a case report and literature · 2026
  115. Case reportPrimary fallopian tube carcinoma presenting as an isolated sigmoid colon metastasis: a case report · 2026
  116. Case reportFallopian tube cancer with inguinal lymph node metastasis as the first symptom: A case study and review of the literature · 2024
  117. Case reportCarcinosarcoma of the fallopian tube: A rare case with rapid metastases and port-site metastasis · 2025
  118. Case reportA Sister Mary Joseph's nodule in fallopian tube cancer: exploring the metastatic pathway through gene expression profiling-a case report · 2025
  119. Case reportCLINICAL CASE OF FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER IN PATIENT OF POSTMENOPAUSAL AGE · 2023
  120. Case reportEndometrioid carcinoma of the fallopian tube misdiagnosed as an infected endometrioma: A case report · 2024
  121. Case reportPrimary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma: An Extremely Rare Gynecological Cancer Misdiagnosed Intraoperatively as Benign Ovarian Neoplasm: A Case Report · 2022
  122. Case reportSynchronous Primary Endometrial and Fallopian Tube Carcinoma with Metchronous Renal Pelvis Carcinoma in One Patient: "Triple Cancer- A Rare Occurrence" · 2022
  123. Case reportFallopian tube cancer- challenging to diagnose but not as infrequent as originally thought · 2021
  124. Case reportCase Report: Frontoparietal Metastasis From a Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma · 2021
  125. Case reportPrimary Fallopian Tube Cancer in an 89-Year-Old Patient · 2021
  126. Case reportCase report: Unpredictable nature of tubal cancer · 2020
  127. Case reportFallopian Tube Tumor Mimicking Primary Gastrointestinal Malignancy · 2020
  128. Case reportThe founder mutation BRCA1c.2845insA identified in a fallopian tube cancer patient: a case report · 2006
  129. Case reportDiagnostic dilemmas and current therapy of Fallopian tube cancer · 1999
  130. Case reportMedical diligence uncovers fallopian tube cancer after abnormal Pap test · 2019
  131. Case reportFallopian tube cancer · 1988
  132. Clinical trialFallopian tube carcinoma · 1998
  133. Systematic reviewSerous ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancers: a common disease or separate entities - a systematic review · 2015
  134. Clinical trialClinical Trial Protocol for ROSELLA: a phase 3 study of relacorilant in combination with nab-paclitaxel versus nab-paclitaxel monotherapy in advanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancer · 2024
  135. Clinical trialReal-World Data on Olaparib in Relapsed BRCA-mutated Ovarian Cancer: A Multicenter GINECO RETROLA Cohort Study · 2023
  136. Clinical trialPhase II Trials of Iniparib (BSI-201) in Combination with Gemcitabine and Carboplatin in Patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer · 2023
  137. Clinical trialPhase Ib Study of Navicixizumab Plus Paclitaxel in Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian, Primary Peritoneal, or Fallopian Tube Cancer · 2022
  138. Clinical trialEfficacy of niraparib by time of surgery and postoperative residual disease status: A post hoc analysis of patients in the PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 study · 2022
  139. Clinical trialPhase II study of everolimus and bevacizumab in recurrent ovarian, peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer · 2020
  140. Clinical trialA phase II study of the combination chemotherapy of bevacizumab and gemcitabine in women with platinum-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer · 2020
  141. Clinical trialPrevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations Among Patients With Ovarian, Primary Peritoneal, and Fallopian Tube Cancer in India: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study · 2021
  142. Clinical trialDetecting FR-⍺ Expression Level in Cytology Effusion Specimens From Ovarian Cancer and Comparing It With Tissue Specimens · 2026
  143. Clinical trialThe first Japanese nationwide multicenter study of BRCA mutation testing in ovarian cancer: CHARacterizing the cross-sectionaL approach to Ovarian cancer geneTic TEsting of BRCA (CHARLOTTE) · 2019
  144. Clinical trialClinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with stage I epithelial ovarian cancer compared with fallopian tube cancer · 2015
  145. Clinical trialBRCA-mutation-associated fallopian tube carcinoma: a distinct clinical phenotype? · 2005
  146. Review articlePerformance of the VENTANA FOLR1 Assay for folate receptor alpha: Real-world evidence from 313 Chinese participants · 2026
  147. Review articleNext Generation Sequencing is a Reliable Tool for Detecting BRCA1/2 Mutations, Including Large Genomic Rearrangements · 2022
  148. Review articleMinilaparotomy, Cyfra21-1, and Other Predicting Factors for Suboptimal Cytoreductive Surgery in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Pilot Study · 2022
  149. Review articleClinical outcomes of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants in ovarian cancer cluster region in patients with primary peritoneal, epithelial ovarian, and fallopian tube cancer · 2022
  150. Review articleThe RAD51D c.82G>A (p.Val28Met) variant disrupts normal splicing and is associated with hereditary ovarian cancer · 2021
  151. Review articleSimultaneous germline and somatic sequencing in ovarian carcinoma: mutation rate and impact on clinical decision-making · 2020
  152. Review articleImpact of PD-L1 and T-cell inflamed gene expression profile on survival in advanced ovarian cancer · 2020
  153. Review articleEarly and consistent overexpression of ADRM1 in ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma · 2017
  154. Review articleBRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Japanese patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer · 2016
  155. Review articlePrognostic factors of primary fallopian tube cancer in a single institute in Taiwan · 2014
  156. Review articleThe significance of Doppler flow and anamnesis in the diagnosis of fallopian tube cancer · 2005
  157. Review articleMolecular evidence for putative tumour suppressor genes on chromosome 13q specific to BRCA1 related ovarian and fallopian tube cancer · 2002
  158. Review articleImmunolymphoscintigraphy and immunoscintigraphy of ovarian and fallopian tube cancer using F(ab')2 fragments of monoclonal antibody OC 125 · 1990
  159. Case reportCase report: High grade serous fallopian tube carcinoma with rare NRG1 gene fusion presenting as widespread peritoneal carcinomatosis · 2024
  160. Case reportBRCA-2 (+) high-grade serous fallopian tube cancer diagnosed as an isolated breast mass by mammography · 2020
  161. Case reportFallopian tube cancer presenting as inflammatory breast carcinoma: report of a case and review of the literature · 2009
  162. Case reportWhole-body positron emission tomography with (fluorine-18)-2-deoxyglucose can detect metastatic carcinoma of the fallopian tube · 1993
  163. Meta-analysisPathological findings following risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA mutation carriers: A systematic review and meta-analysis · 2020
  164. Review articleVariations and patterns in germline and somatic testing by age in ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer patients: a descriptive analysis in a large, real-world clinical and genetic data registry · 2026
  165. Review articleHomologous recombination deficiency in newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer across nine Middle East countries: prevalence, real-world testing pathways, and treatment implications · 2026
  166. Review articleAnalysis of real world FRα testing in ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers · 2025
  167. Review articleOlaparib First-Line Maintenance Monotherapy in BRCA-Mutated Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Descriptive Analysis of the First French Real-World Data Study · 2023
  168. Review articleThe disease sites of female genital cancers of BRCA1/2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: a retrospective study · 2021
  169. Review articleParaneoplastic Neurological Syndrome in Fallopian Tube Cancer · 2014
  170. Case reportPrimary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) in a BRIP-1 mutation carrier: the first case report · 2020
  171. Review articleEffectiveness and safety of nab-paclitaxel and platinum as first-line chemotherapy for ovarian cancer: a retrospective study · 2023
  172. Review articleSecond-look laparotomy in carcinoma of the fallopian tube · 1993
  173. Meta-analysisMeta-analysis of risk reduction estimates associated with risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers · 2009
  174. Meta-analysisThe lack of clinical value of peritoneal washing cytology in high risk patients undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: a retrospective study and review · 2016
  175. Clinical trialA 10-year review of primary fallopian tube cancer at a community hospital: a high association of synchronous and metachronous cancers · 2006
  176. Review articleOvarian Cancer: Many Diseases Under One Name · 2025
  177. Review articleProgestin Significantly Inhibits Carcinogenesis in the Mogp-TAg Transgenic Mouse Model of Fallopian Tube Cancer · 2022
  178. Review articleConcurrent gynecologic surgery and panniculectomy in morbidly obese women with gynecologic cancer, a single-center experience · 2021
  179. Review articleFactors associated with use of hormone therapy after preventive oophorectomy in BRCA mutation carriers · 2020
  180. Review articleClinical impact of pre-treatment FDG-PET/CT staging of primary ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers in women · 2020
  181. Review articleIncreased disease-free and relative survival in advanced ovarian cancer after centralized primary treatment · 2020
  182. Review articlePara-aortic lymphadenectomy for primary fallopian tube cancer · 2011
  183. Review articleTreatment of fallopian tube cancer. Review of the literature · 2000
  184. Review articlePrimary cancer of the fallopian tube. Report of 26 patients · 1996
  185. Review articlePrimary fallopian tube cancer followed by primary breast cancer in RAD51C mutation carrier treated with niraparib as first line maintenance therapy: a case report · 2024
  186. Case reportPelvic Lymph Node Lymphangiomyomatosis Found During Surgery for Gynecological Fallopian Tube Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review · 2022
  187. Case reportValue of adjuvant chemotherapy and informed microscopic examination for occult gynecologic cancer detected upon risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy after chemotherapy for BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer: a case report · 2021
  188. Case reportSynchronous fallopian tube and breast cancers: case report and literature review · 2003
  189. Review articleValidity of the 2014 FIGO Stage IIIA1 Subclassification for Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancers · 2022
  190. Meta-analysisLaparoscopic staging for apparent early stage ovarian or fallopian tube cancer. First case series from a UK cancer centre and systematic literature review · 2013
  191. Review articleMetastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes cephalad to the renal veins in patients with ovarian cancer · 2020
  192. Case reportHereditary breast and ovarian cancer triggered by occult fallopian tube cancer: a case report · 2023
  193. Review articleThe incidence of primary fallopian tube cancer in the United States · 2007
  194. Meta-analysisWeekly versus tri-weekly paclitaxel with carboplatin for first-line treatment in women with epithelial ovarian cancer · 2022
  195. Systematic reviewBevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer: a systematic review · 2014
  196. Review articlePhase I trial of daily subcutaneous SPL-108 injections in combination with paclitaxel in patients with platinum resistant CD44+ advanced ovarian epithelial cancer · 2022
  197. Review articleA simple method of quantifying chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy using PainVision PS-2100(®) · 2020
  198. Review articleSurvival and prognostic factors of patients with primary fallopian tube cancer receiving adjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy · 2014
  199. Review articleRelationships of Ex-Vivo Drug Resistance Assay and Cytokine Production with Clinicopathological Features in the Primary Cell Culture of Thai Ovarian and Fallopian Tube Cancer Patients · 2017
  200. Clinical trialPilot study of outpatient paclitaxel, carboplatin and gemcitabine for advanced stage epithelial ovarian, peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer · 2004
  201. Case reportComplicated pancreatic fistula after gynecologic surgery for left fallopian tube carcinosarcoma: A case report · 2024
  202. Case reportMetastatic involvement of inguinal lymph nodes as the first sign of endometroid carcinoma of the fallopian tube · 2022
  203. Clinical trialPaclitaxel poliglumex and carboplatin as first-line therapy in ovarian, peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer: a phase I and feasibility trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group · 2008
  204. Meta-analysisA review and metanalysis of metronomic oral single-agent cyclophosphamide for treating advanced ovarian carcinoma in the era of precision medicine · 2024
  205. Case reportEarly-Stage, BRCA-Associated Ovarian Cancer Detected by Papanicolaou Smear: A Case Report · 2023
  206. Clinical trialModulation of platinum sensitivity and resistance by cyclosporin A in refractory ovarian and fallopian tube cancer patients: a phase II study · 1996
  207. Review articleDoes the choice of platinum doublet matter? A study to evaluate the impact of platinum doublet choice for treatment of platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer recurrence on the development of future PARP inhibitor and platinum resistance · 2024
  208. Case reportCase report: Report of a case of female adnexal malignant tumor of Wolffian origin · 2024
  209. Review articleEfficacy and safety of bevacizumab-combined single-agent chemotherapy for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer that recurred during PARP inhibitor treatment · 2026
  210. Review articlePhase 2 trial of single agent docetaxel in platinum and paclitaxel-refractory ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary carcinoma of the peritoneum · 2003
  211. Review articleEffectiveness of oral etoposide in recurrent or refractory epithelial ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal cancer and fallopian tube cancer · 2022
  212. Case reportParaneoplastic cerebellar degeneration heralding recurrence of fallopian tube adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review · 2020
  213. Review articlePoly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer: a single-center retrospective study · 2026
  214. Review articleCardioprotective effects of PARP inhibitors for platinum-agent induced cardiotoxicity · 2025
  215. Review articleReal world experience of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor use in a community oncology practice · 2020
  216. Clinical trialA phase II study of outpatient first-line paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab for advanced-stage epithelial ovarian, peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer · 2007
  217. Review articleUse of bevacizumab for patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIB to IV epithelial ovarian cancer undergoing primary debulking surgery and its association with oncologic outcomes: a Cancer Registry study · 2026
  218. Review articleTiming and duration of bevacizumab treatment and survival in patients with recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer: a multi-institution study · 2023
  219. Review articleThe Totality of Evidence and Use of ABP 215, a Biosimilar to Bevacizumab · 2021
  220. Review articleFrontline Maintenance Treatment for Ovarian Cancer · 2021
  221. Clinical trialLong-term safety and anti-tumour activity of olaparib monotherapy after combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced breast, ovarian or fallopian tube cancer · 2015
  222. ObservationalPredictors of olaparib discontinuation owing to adverse drug events in patients with ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer: a retrospective observational study · 2025
  223. Review articleEmerging therapies: angiogenesis inhibitors for ovarian cancer · 2015
  224. Review articleFuzuloparib: First Approval · 2021
  225. Review articleItraconazole interferes in the pharmacokinetics of fuzuloparib in healthy volunteers · 2023
  226. Review articleNiraparib in the maintenance treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer: safety and efficacy · 2021
  227. Review articlePeripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Ovarian Cancer Administrating Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase Inhibitors: A Real-World Study Based on Bayesian Disproportionality Analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System · 2025
  228. Review articleThe role of immune checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of ovarian cancer · 2016
  229. Clinical trialARTISTRY-7: phase III trial of nemvaleukin alfa plus pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer · 2023
  230. Case reportParaneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome Associated with Fallopian Tube Cancer: A Case Report · 2025
  231. Review articleInterventions to reduce the risk of ovarian and fallopian tube cancer: A European Menopause and Andropause Society Postition Statement · 2017
  232. Case reportEndometriosis-associated endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube synchronized with endometrial adenocarcinoma: A case report · 2023
  233. Case reportMalignant mixed müllerian tumor of primary mesenteric origin associated with a synchronous ovarian cancer: case report and literature review · 2008
  234. Review articleProphylactic salpingectomy for the prevention of ovarian cancer: Who should we target? · 2020
  235. Review articleSalpingo-oophorectomy and the risk of ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutation · 2006
  236. Case reportFirst Report of 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT Imaging in Fallopian Tube Cancer: Implications for Diagnosis and Staging · 2026
  237. Randomized trialRelacorilant + Nab-Paclitaxel in Patients With Recurrent, Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: A Three-Arm, Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label Phase II Study · 2023
  238. Review articleTranslational research in the Gynecologic Oncology Group: evaluation of ovarian cancer markers, profiles, and novel therapies · 2010
  239. Review articleDose-dense therapy is of benefit in primary treatment of ovarian cancer? In favor · 2011
  240. Review articleEffect of perioperative venous thromboembolism on survival in ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer · 2007
  241. Case reportPrimary ovarian cancer combined with primary fallopian tube cancer: A case report · 2024
  242. Clinical trialCancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum: a population-based comparison of the prognostic factors and outcomes · 2017
  243. Review articleOvarian and tubal cancer in Denmark: an update on incidence and survival · 2016
  244. Review articleCognitive function during and six months following chemotherapy for front-line treatment of ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer: An NRG oncology/gynecologic oncology group study · 2015
  245. Review articleLived experiences of women reporting fatigue during PARP inhibitor maintenance treatment for advanced ovarian cancer: A qualitative study · 2021
  246. Review articlePatterns and predictors of cancer-related fatigue in ovarian and endometrial cancers: 1-year longitudinal study · 2020
  247. Review articlePreclinical rationale and clinical efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy and immune checkpoint blockade combination therapy in urogenital tumors · 2019
  248. Review articleEarly cancer diagnoses through BRCA1/2 screening of unselected adult biobank participants · 2018
  249. Review articleQuality of life and health status after prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy in women who carry a BRCA mutation: A review · 2011
  250. Review articleValidation of epithelial ovarian cancer and fallopian tube cancer and ovarian borderline tumor data in the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database · 2009
  251. Case reportPregnancy with vitrified oocytes after fertility sparing surgery in a patient with fallopian tube cancer and a BRCA2 mutation: A case report and literature review · 2025
  252. Case reportExtra-abdominal Lymph Node Metastases as the First Presentation in Ovarian and Fallopian Tube Carcinomas · 2023
  253. Review articleAdded value of regional (18)F-FDG PET/MRI-assisted whole-body (18)F-FDG PET/CT in malignant ascites with unknown primary origin · 2023
  254. Review articleUnexpected gynecologic malignancy diagnosed after hysterectomy performed for benign indications · 2015
  255. Review articlePolycystic ovary syndrome and its association with reproductive cancers in women · 2026
  256. ObservationalThe outcome of patients with serous papillary peritoneal cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and epithelial ovarian cancer by treatment eras: 27 years data from the SEER registry · 2021
  257. Clinical trialDe novo assembly and transcriptome characterization: Novel insights into the mechanisms of primary ovarian cancer in Microtus fortis · 2022

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Compounds compared by evidence

PubMed

How to read this: Ranked by the strength and volume of the evidence — NOT by how well a treatment works. A higher rank means a compound has been studied more, or in stronger study designs (e.g. randomized trials over lab studies), not that it produces better outcomes. The effect column shows the largest pooled figure reported, not a head-to-head comparison.

#CompoundEvidence strengthStudiesLargest pooled effect
1Relacorilant OtherHuman trial / meta-analysis4—
2Bevacizumab Targeted therapyHuman trial / meta-analysis2—
3Olaparib Targeted therapyHuman trial / meta-analysis2—
4Nivolumab †Rx ImmunotherapyHuman trial / meta-analysis1—
5Rucaparib Targeted therapyHuman trial / meta-analysis1—
6Mirvetuximab Soravtansine Targeted therapyHuman · observational1—
7Carboplatin ChemotherapyInsufficient evidence1—
8Fuzuloparib Targeted therapyInsufficient evidence1—
9Paclitaxel ChemotherapyInsufficient evidence1—

Ranked across 9 compounds with published studies for this cancer. Updated 7/3/2026.

Medicines & supplements studied for Fallopian Tube Cancer

PubMedFDAClinicalTrials.gov

Every drug, supplement, and other agent the published studies cover for Fallopian Tube Cancer, ranked by how strong the evidence is — what studies report, not a recommendation. Tap any to see its full profile.

Medicines · 9

RelacorilantHuman trial / meta-analysisMixed results3 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Largest credible effect: progression-free survival hazard ratio 0.7 [0.54–0.91], p p=0.0076, n=381 PMID 40473448 · hazard ratios 0.36–0.7 across 5 studies

Most authoritative study: Relacorilant and nab-paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (ROSELLA): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial

Findings conflict across studies · Effect sizes reported in only 2 of 4 studies.
OtherFDA approvedPhase 34 studiesFull profile →
BevacizumabHuman trial / meta-analysisReported positive2 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Largest credible effect: PFS hazard ratio 0.484 [0.388–0.605], p < .0001, n=484 PMID 22529265 · median-survival values 10.4–22.6 across 3 studies

Most authoritative study: First-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer or primary peritoneal cancer: a phase III randomized controlled trial

Targeted therapyFDA approvedPhase 32 studiesFull profile →
OlaparibHuman trial / meta-analysisReported positive1 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Largest credible effect: Median overall survival 51.7 mo [41.5–59.1], n=196 PMID 33743851 · effect sizes 6–18 across 2 studies

Most authoritative study: Olaparib tablets as maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation (SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21): a final analysis of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Targeted therapyFDA approvedPhase 32 studiesFull profile →
Nivolumab †RxHuman trial / meta-analysisInconclusive1 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Most authoritative study: ATHENA (GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45): a randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib as monotherapy (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib in combination with nivolumab (ATHENA-COMBO) as maintenance treatment following frontline platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer

No numeric effect sizes reported · Based on a single study.
ImmunotherapyPhase 31 studyFull profile →
RucaparibHuman trial / meta-analysisInconclusive1 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Most authoritative study: ATHENA (GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45): a randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib as monotherapy (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib in combination with nivolumab (ATHENA-COMBO) as maintenance treatment following frontline platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer

No numeric effect sizes reported · Based on a single study.
Targeted therapyFDA approvedPhase 31 studyFull profile →
Mirvetuximab SoravtansineHuman · observationalReported negative1 human

Human observational evidence only — no trials.

Largest credible effect: average age 62.4, n=5 PMID 30379722 · effect sizes 2–62.4 across 7 studies

Most authoritative study: Ocular Toxicity of Mirvetuximab

Based on a single study.
Targeted therapyFDA approved1 studyFull profile →
CarboplatinInsufficient evidenceReported positive

No primary experimental studies yet.

Largest credible effect: adjuvant chemotherapy courses 6, n=1 PMID 37592269 · effect sizes 6–18 across 2 studies

Most authoritative study: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer triggered by occult fallopian tube cancer: a case report

No human studies yet · Based on a single study.
ChemotherapyFDA off-label1 studyFull profile →
FuzuloparibInsufficient evidenceReported positive

No primary experimental studies yet.

Most authoritative study: Fuzuloparib: First Approval

No human studies yet · No numeric effect sizes reported · Based on a single study.
Targeted therapy1 studyFull profile →
PaclitaxelInsufficient evidenceReported positive

No primary experimental studies yet.

Largest credible effect: adjuvant chemotherapy courses 6, n=1 PMID 37592269 · effect sizes 6–18 across 2 studies

Most authoritative study: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer triggered by occult fallopian tube cancer: a case report

No human studies yet · Based on a single study.
ChemotherapyFDA off-label1 studyFull profile →

What recent studies report in Fallopian Tube Cancer

These are reviewed studies whose abstracts concern Fallopian Tube Cancer. Each describes only what that study reported. This is not a claim by OncoForge that any compound helps or harms Fallopian Tube Cancer. Most are early lab, animal, or small human studies, and findings often conflict.

21 studies10 human⚠ Conflicting evidenceTrial (8)Mechanism (2)Safety (1)

Tracking 21 published studies of Fallopian Tube Cancer: 10 in humans, 11 reviews/other.

Reported direction across studies: 10 positive, 4 mixed, 1 negative, 6 inconclusive.

Findings conflict — both supportive and negative/mixed results exist (see below). Human evidence is limited.

These counts summarize what the studies reported; they are not a measure of whether anything works for Fallopian Tube Cancer.

Compounds with studies mentioning Fallopian Tube Cancer

Relacorilant (4)Bevacizumab (2)Olaparib (2)Paclitaxel (1)Carboplatin (1)Rucaparib (1)Nivolumab (1)Fuzuloparib (1)Mirvetuximab soravtansine (1)
ReviewReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinical

Relacorilant: First Approval

Drugs · Jun 2026 · regulatory approval summary

Relacorilantepithelial ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerprimary peritoneal cancerpancreatic cancerprostate cancer

Relacorilant is a non-steroidal, selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist being developed for several solid tumours and Cushing syndrome. The article reports that relacorilant received its first approval in the USA on 25 March 2026 for use in combination with nab-paclitaxel for adults with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer after 1-3 prior systemic regimens (at least one including bevacizumab). The article summarizes development milestones leading to this approval.

Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.

Key findings
  • Relacorilant is a non-steroidal, selective glucocorticoid receptor II antagonist developed by Corcept Therapeutics.
  • Relacorilant received first approval in the USA on 25 March 2026.
  • Approval is for use in combination with nab-paclitaxel for adults with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer who have received 1-3 prior systemic treatment regimens, at least one of which included bevacizumab.
  • Relacorilant is being developed for various solid tumours including ovarian, fallopian tube, peritoneal, pancreatic and prostate cancers, as well as for Cushing syndrome.
  • The article summarizes milestones in the development of relacorilant leading to this approval.
Limitations: Abstract provides no efficacy or safety outcome data or numeric results from trials.; No trial design, sample size, or methods are reported in the abstract.; This is an approval/summary article, not primary trial data.; Geographic scope limited to a USA approval; supporting evidence is not detailed in the abstract..

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed

ReviewReported positiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical

Cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum: 2025 update

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · Sep 2025 · narrative review

ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerperitoneal cancerepithelial ovarian cancersovarian germ cell malignanciesovarian stromal malignancies

This is a narrative review updating FIGO staging and summarizing current knowledge on ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers. It describes the 2014 FIGO staging revisions (including subdivisions of Stage IC and IIIC/IIIA) and summarizes genetics, surgical management, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and aspects of germ cell and stromal ovarian malignancies. The review notes that high-grade serous carcinoma is the most common histology and that no feasible screening strategies currently exist.

Key findings
  • FIGO's 2014 staging revision groups ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers in the same system and subdivides Stage IC into IC1 (surgical spill), IC2 (preoperative capsule rupture or tumor on surface), and IC3 (malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings).
  • Stage IIIC was revised to include a category for spread to retroperitoneal lymph nodes without intraperitoneal dissemination, subdivided into IIIA1(i) (metastasis ≤10 mm) and IIIA1(ii) (metastasis >10 mm); Stage IIIA2 is now defined as microscopic extrapelvic peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes.
  • Most of these malignancies are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs).
  • There are currently no feasible screening strategies for ovarian cancer.
  • Diagnosis, treatment, surveillance, and survival have improved due to advances in radiology, pathology, genomics, and molecular biology, and individualized care emphasizes precision surgery to limit morbidity.
  • Germline genetic analysis and identification of somatic mutations in tumor tissue provide data informing the use of targeted agents and immunotherapy; the review also covers chemotherapy and management of germ cell and stromal ovarian malignancies.
Limitations: Narrative review with no original patient-level data presented; Abstract does not report review methods, search strategy, or criteria for evidence selection (not identified as a systematic review or meta-analysis); No new primary quantitative data or pooled estimates provided in this abstract.

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

Human trialTrialReported positiveStrong evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 381

Relacorilant and nab-paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (ROSELLA): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial

Lancet (London, England) · Jun 2025 · randomized, controlled, open-label phase 3 trial

Relacorilantplatinum-resistant ovarian cancerepithelial ovarian cancerprimary peritoneal cancerfallopian tube cancer

This phase 3 randomized trial tested whether adding relacorilant to nab-paclitaxel helped women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The combination improved progression-free survival and also showed a longer overall survival at an interim analysis. Side effects were similar between groups after accounting for nab-paclitaxel exposure, and no new safety signals were seen.

Reported effects: progression-free survival hazard ratio 0.7 [0.54–0.91], p p=0.0076, n=381 · progression-free survival median 6.54 mo [5.55–7.43], n=188 · +3 more

Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.

Key findings
  • Progression-free survival was significantly longer with relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel than with nab-paclitaxel alone.
  • An interim overall survival analysis also favored the combination.
  • Adverse events were similar across groups when adjusted for nab-paclitaxel exposure; no new safety signals were observed.
Limitations: Open-label design; Overall survival result was based on a planned interim analysis; Trial is ongoing; Funding from the drug manufacturer.

This study evaluated relacorilant as an added anticancer agent in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed

ReviewMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Ovarian Cancer/Fallopian Tube Cancer/Primary Peritoneal Cancer, Version 3.2024

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · Oct 2024 · Practice guideline / guideline insights

Ovarian CancerFallopian Tube CancerPrimary Peritoneal Cancer

These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize multidisciplinary diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment recommendations for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers. The report specifically describes how the evolving use of PARP inhibitors as maintenance and single-agent regimens informed the panel's recommendations.

Key findings
  • NCCN Guidelines provide multidisciplinary diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment recommendations for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers.
  • The Insights detail how the evolution of the use of PARP inhibitors as maintenance and single-agent regimens informed panel recommendations in the guidelines.
Limitations: Abstract is a guideline summary and does not present original trial data or numerical results.; No specific recommendations, dosing, comparative efficacy, or level-of-evidence details are provided in the abstract.; Limited methodological detail in abstract about how evidence was reviewed or how recommendations were updated..

Guideline update addressing clinical management of ovarian/fallopian tube/primary peritoneal cancers with attention to PARP inhibitor use.

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed

Human trialTrialReported positiveStrong evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 100

First-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer or primary peritoneal cancer: a phase III randomized controlled trial

Journal of gynecologic oncology · Sep 2024 · Phase III randomized controlled trial, randomized 1:1

Bevacizumabepithelial ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerprimary peritoneal cancer

This randomized phase III trial assigned 100 Chinese patients with newly diagnosed stage III/IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer after surgery to carboplatin/paclitaxel with either bevacizumab or placebo. Median progression-free survival was 22.6 months with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy versus 12.3 months with placebo plus chemotherapy (stratified HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.17–0.53). Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent in the bevacizumab arm.

Reported effects: median PFS 22.6 mo · stratified hazard ratio for PFS 0.3 [0.17–0.53] · +1 more

Studied with: carboplatin, paclitaxel.

Key findings
  • Of randomized patients, 51 received bevacizumab + CP and 49 received placebo + CP.
  • Median PFS was 22.6 months with bevacizumab + CP (95% confidence interval [CI]=18.6, not estimable) and 12.3 months (95% CI=9.5, 15.0) with placebo + CP (stratified hazard ratio=0.30; 95% CI=0.17, 0.53).
  • Treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 46 of 49 (94%) patients receiving bevacizumab + CP, and 34 of 50 (68%) receiving placebo + CP.
Limitations: Relatively small randomized sample (100 patients).; Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS (no central review stated).; Overall survival and longer-term outcomes not reported in the abstract.; Single-country (China) population may limit generalizability to other populations.; Adverse-event denominators reported in the abstract are inconsistent with the randomized-arm counts, which complicates interpretation of safety rates..

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

Human trialTrialInconclusiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical

Clinical Trial Protocol for ROSELLA: a phase 3 study of relacorilant in combination with nab-paclitaxel versus nab-paclitaxel monotherapy in advanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancer

Journal of gynecologic oncology · Jul 2024 · phase 3, randomized, 2-arm, open-label, global multicenter study protocol

Relacorilantadvanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancerrecurrent platinum-resistant high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancerprimary peritoneal cancerfallopian tube cancer

This paper describes the ROSELLA phase 3 trial, which is testing relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel versus nab-paclitaxel alone in women with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and related cancers. The study is designed to see whether adding relacorilant improves progression-free survival and other outcomes, and it will also assess safety and patient-reported outcomes. The abstract does not report trial results, only the study plan.

Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.

Key findings
  • ROSELLA is a phase 3, randomized, 2-arm, open-label, global multicenter study.
  • Participants are assigned 1:1 to relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel monotherapy.
  • Primary endpoint is progression-free survival assessed by blinded independent central review.
  • Secondary endpoints include overall survival, objective response rate, duration of response, clinical benefit rate at 24 weeks, and CA-125 response.
  • The abstract reports no efficacy or safety results because it is a trial protocol.
Limitations: Protocol only; no outcomes or results are reported in the abstract.; No sample size is provided in the abstract.; No quantitative effect estimates are available.; Open-label design may introduce bias in some endpoints..

This is a phase 3 protocol in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer evaluating an anticancer combination.

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

Human · observationalMixed resultsLimited evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 157

Rare non-serous fallopian tube cancers: institutional experience and literature review

Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · Jun 2024 · retrospective literature review (63 reports) and retrospective institutional case series (1970-2020)

fallopian tube cancerchoriocarcinomacarcinosarcomaneuroendocrine tumornon-keratinizing squamous cell carcinomamucinous adenocarcinomaclear cell adenocarcinomatransitional cell carcinomamesotheliomaborderline tumors

The authors reviewed 63 reports of rare non-serous fallopian tube tumors and analyzed clinical features, and they report an institutional series of 157 primary fallopian tube cancer patients (1970–2020) that included nine (6%) rare non-serous cases. They found that choriocarcinoma differed in patient age and clinical course and that choriocarcinoma and carcinosarcoma had an aggressive course, while mucinous, squamous, transitional, and clear cell carcinomas were generally less aggressive or often asymptomatic. Because most rare non-serous tumors had a disease course similar to typical fallopian tube cancers and specific protocols are lacking, the authors state that treatment options developed for ovarian tumors and typical FTC are justified for these tumors.

Reported effects: literature_reports_reviewed 63 · institutional_total_patients 157 · +8 more

Key findings
  • They reviewed 63 reports from the literature on rare non-serous fallopian tube tumors.
  • In their institutional series of 157 primary fallopian tube cancer patients treated between 1970 and 2020, there were nine (6%) cases of rare non-serous cancers.
  • The nine rare non-serous cases comprised: one case each of choriocarcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and neuroendocrine tumor; and two cases each of non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma.
  • Carcinosarcoma, squamous cell, clear cell, and transitional cell carcinomas had clinical histories, patient ages, and manifestations similar to the main group of fallopian tube cancers.
  • Choriocarcinoma differed significantly from other fallopian tube cancers in terms of patient age and clinical course.
  • Mucinous adenocarcinoma, mesothelioma, and borderline tumors were, with rare exceptions, almost always asymptomatic and were typically found incidentally during surgery.
  • Choriocarcinoma and carcinosarcoma exhibited an aggressive course, while squamous cell, transitional cell, clear cell, and mucinous carcinomas were described as less aggressive.
  • The authors concluded that, given similarity to typical FTCs and lack of specific protocols for rare tumors, treatment options developed for ovarian tumors and fallopian tube cancer are justified for these rare non-serous tumors.
Limitations: Retrospective design (literature review and retrospective institutional series).; Very small number of rare non-serous cases in the institutional cohort (n=9), limiting generalizability.; Single-center institutional experience over a long time span (1970–2020) during which diagnostic and treatment practices likely changed.; Heterogeneous mix of different histologic subtypes grouped together.; No standardized outcome metrics or controlled comparisons reported in the abstract.; Quality and heterogeneity of the 63 reviewed reports are not described, limiting assessment of the literature synthesis..

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed

Human trialTrialMixed resultsModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 178

Relacorilant + Nab-Paclitaxel in Patients With Recurrent, Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: A Three-Arm, Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label Phase II Study

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · Oct 2023 · three-arm, randomized, controlled, open-label phase II study

Relacorilantovarian cancerovarian epithelial carcinomaprimary peritoneal cancerfallopian tube cancerovarian carcinosarcoma

This phase II study tested relacorilant added to nab-paclitaxel in women with recurrent platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian and related cancers. The intermittent relacorilant schedule improved progression-free survival and duration of response compared with nab-paclitaxel alone, while overall response rate was similar across groups. Side effects were broadly comparable between arms, and the study did not meet its prespecified statistical threshold after multiplicity adjustment.

Reported effects: PFS HR 0.66, p P = .038, n=178 · DOR HR 0.36, p P = .006, n=178 · +1 more

Studied with: nab-paclitaxel.

Key findings
  • Intermittent relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel improved PFS versus nab-paclitaxel monotherapy (HR 0.66; P = .038).
  • Intermittent relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel improved DOR versus nab-paclitaxel monotherapy (HR 0.36; P = .006).
  • ORR was similar across arms.
  • At the preplanned OS analysis, the OS HR was 0.67 with P = .066 for the intermittent arm versus nab-paclitaxel monotherapy.
  • Continuous relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel showed numerically improved median PFS but no significant improvement over monotherapy.
  • Adverse events were comparable across study arms; common grade ≥3 events included neutropenia, anemia, peripheral neuropathy, and fatigue/asthenia.
Limitations: Phase II study with relatively small sample size.; Open-label design.; Primary end point did not reach statistical significance after protocol-prespecified Hochberg step-up multiplicity adjustment.; Median follow-up was limited for PFS and OS analyses.; Safety and efficacy were compared against nab-paclitaxel monotherapy, but the abstract does not provide detailed absolute event rates..

Relacorilant was studied as an add-on to chemotherapy in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jun 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

Case reportMechanismReported positiveLimited evidenceTier 3 · early humann = 1

Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer triggered by occult fallopian tube cancer: a case report

Journal of medical case reports · Aug 2023 · case report

PaclitaxelCarboplatinOlaparibfallopian tube cancerhigh-grade serous carcinomabreast cancerovarian neoplasmshereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome

A 72-year-old woman underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for presumed benign disease; detailed pathology revealed incidental high-grade serous carcinoma of the right fallopian tube. Staging surgery found a single para-aortic node metastasis, a germline BRCA2 mutation was detected, she received six courses of paclitaxel plus carboplatin followed by maintenance olaparib, and she was disease-free 18 months after surgery.

Reported effects: adjuvant chemotherapy courses 6, n=1 · disease-free at 18 mo, n=1

Studied with: paclitaxel and carboplatin.

Key findings
  • Incidental detection of high-grade serous carcinoma of the right fallopian tube on detailed pathological examination.
  • Staging laparotomy confirmed a single para-aortic lymph node metastasis (FIGO Stage IIIA1(i)).
  • Postoperative detection of a germline BRCA2 mutation and diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome.
  • Patient received adjuvant therapy: six courses of paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by maintenance olaparib.
  • Patient was free of disease 18 months after surgery.
Limitations: Single-patient case report (n=1) limits generalizability.; No control or comparison group to assess treatment effect.; Relatively short follow-up (reported disease-free status at 18 months only).; No dosing details provided for chemotherapy or olaparib in the abstract..

Illustrates that detailed pathologic examination and accurate staging can identify occult fallopian tube cancer and that germline BRCA2 testing may inform use of maintenance PARP inhibitor therapy.

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

Meta-analysisMechanismMixed resultsLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 975

Positive Rate of Malignant Cells in Endometrial Cytology Samples of Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, and Primary Peritoneal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of cytology · Apr 2023 · systematic review and meta-analysis

ovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerprimary peritoneal cancer

This systematic review and meta-analysis pooled data from seven retrospective studies including 975 patients to estimate how often malignant cells are found in endometrial cytology from patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. The overall pooled positive rate was 23% (95% CI 16%–34%), with lower detection using brushes (13%, 95% CI 10%–17%) and higher detection using aspiration smears (33%, 95% CI 25%–42%). The authors concluded endometrial cytology is not an ideal standalone diagnostic tool but may be a convenient adjunct, and that sampling method affects detection rate.

Reported effects: pooled positive rate 23% [16–34] · pooled positive rate - brushes 13% [10–17], p P = 0.45 · +1 more

Key findings
  • Seven retrospective studies involving 975 patients were included.
  • Pooled positive rate of malignant cells in endometrial cytology specimens of ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer patients was 23% (95% CI: 16% - 34%).
  • Statistical heterogeneity between the included studies was considerable (I2 = 89%, P < 0.01).
  • The pooled positive rate for the group of brushes was 13% (95% CI: 10% - 17%, I2 = 0, P = 0.45).
  • The pooled positive rate for the group of aspiration smears was 33% (95% CI: 25% - 42%, I2 = 80%, P < 0.01).
  • Authors state endometrial cytology is not an ideal diagnostic tool for these cancers but may be a convenient, painless adjunct; sampling method affects detection.
Limitations: All included studies were retrospective.; Considerable statistical heterogeneity across included studies (I2 = 89%).; Only seven studies were included (limited number of studies).; Detection rates varied by sampling method (brushes vs aspiration smears), indicating methodological variability..

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

ReviewReported positiveModerate evidenceTier 4 · clinical

MR of Fallopian Tubes: MR Imaging Clinics

Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America · Feb 2023 · review

fallopian tube cancerovarian epithelial cancerprimary peritoneal cancer

This review describes the role of MR imaging in evaluating fallopian tube pathology, covering congenital anomalies, benign diseases, acute conditions, and neoplastic processes. It states MR is useful for assessing conditions from hydrosalpinx and pelvic inflammatory disease to isolated tubal torsion, ectopic pregnancy, and primary fallopian tube carcinoma. The abstract also notes a PDQ cancer information summary provides up-to-date, evidence-based treatment information for ovarian epithelial, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers but does not give formal treatment guidelines.

Key findings
  • MR imaging has an important role in imaging evaluation of fallopian tube (FT) pathology, ranging from benign to malignant conditions.
  • Congenital Mullerian anomalies of FTs such as accessory tubal ostia and unicornuate uterus and associated pathology are well assessed by MR imaging.
  • Benign diseases include hydrosalpinx, pelvic inflammatory disease, and its manifestations including salpingitis, pyosalpinx, tubo-ovarian abscess, and tubal endometriosis manifesting as hematosalpinx.
  • Acute benign conditions include isolated FT torsion and ectopic pregnancy.
  • Neoplastic conditions include benign paratubal cysts to malignant primary FT carcinomas.
  • A PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of ovarian epithelial, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer and is reviewed and updated regularly; it does not provide formal guidelines or recommendations for making health care decisions.
Limitations: Review article; no original primary data or quantitative results reported in the abstract.; Abstract does not describe methods for literature selection or synthesis (no systematic review/meta-analysis methods stated).; Does not provide formal clinical practice guidelines or prescriptive recommendations, as noted in the abstract..

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed

Human trialTrialInconclusiveLimited evidenceTier 4 · clinicaln = 1000

ATHENA (GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45): a randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib as monotherapy (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib in combination with nivolumab (ATHENA-COMBO) as maintenance treatment following frontline platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer

International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society · Dec 2021 · Randomized, double-blind, phase III, international, multicenter; two independent comparisons (ATHENA-MONO and ATHENA-COMBO) with 4:4:1:1 randomization

RucaparibNivolumabovarian cancerfallopian tube cancerprimary peritoneal cancerhigh-grade epithelial ovarian cancer

This report describes ATHENA, a randomized, double-blind phase III trial testing rucaparib as frontline maintenance versus placebo (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib plus nivolumab versus rucaparib alone (ATHENA-COMBO) in women with newly diagnosed ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer who responded to platinum-based chemotherapy. About 1000 patients were randomized into four arms (rucaparib+nivolumab; rucaparib+placebo; placebo+nivolumab; placebo+placebo); the primary endpoint is investigator-assessed progression-free survival. The trial completed accrual in 2020 and primary results for ATHENA-MONO were anticipated in early 2022; no outcome data are reported in this abstract.

Studied with: nivolumab.

Key findings
  • Primary objectives: assess rucaparib monotherapy versus placebo (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib+nivolumab versus rucaparib alone (ATHENA-COMBO) as frontline maintenance after response to platinum-based chemotherapy.
  • Design: international, randomized, double-blind phase III trial with two independent comparisons sharing a common arm; patients randomized 4:4:1:1 to arms A–D.
  • Dosing: rucaparib starting dose 600 mg orally twice daily; nivolumab 480 mg IV every 4 weeks.
  • Primary endpoint: investigator-assessed progression-free survival per RECIST v1.1.
  • Sample size and status: approximately 1000 patients enrolled and randomized; accrual completed in 2020; ATHENA-MONO primary results anticipated in early 2022, ATHENA-COMBO to mature later.
Limitations: Abstract reports trial design and enrollment only; no efficacy or safety results are provided.; Primary endpoint is investigator-assessed PFS (no mention of blinded central review in abstract).; Population limited to patients who achieved response to initial cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy; results may not generalize to all ovarian cancer patients.; Although comparisons are independently powered, ATHENA-MONO and ATHENA-COMBO share a common treatment arm, which may have analytic implications (not detailed in abstract)..

AI summary of the abstract, human-reviewed · Jul 2026. Describes what this study reported, not medical advice. View on PubMed · Full text

Browse all studies mentioning Fallopian Tube Cancer →

Where the evidence is

What has been studied, and how strong it is, by topic. A dashed cell means no studies were found for that combination — a gap, not evidence of no effect. Open a row to see its studies.

CompoundHuman evidenceMechanismSafetyTrial
Relacorilant34—3
Bevacizumab21—2
Olaparib12—1
Nivolumab †Rx11—1
Rucaparib11—1
Mirvetuximab Soravtansine1—1—
Carboplatin—1——
Fuzuloparib—1—1
Paclitaxel—1——

Study mix

21 published studies by what they were done in. Lab and animal findings often do not carry over to people.

10 Human11 Review/other
Reported directionReported positive10Mixed results4Reported negative1Inconclusive6

Compounds with reported-positive results in Fallopian Tube Cancer

Where at least one study reported a positive result, shown with the full picture, not just the wins. Positive results are more likely to be published, and most of these are early lab or animal studies that may not translate to people. This reports what studies found, not what works.

Human evidence

Relacorilant2 positive1 negative/mixed3 human
Limitations: Abstract provides no efficacy or safety outcome data or numeric results from trials.; No trial design, sample size, or methods are reported in the abstract.; This is an approval/summary article, not primary trial data.; Geographic scope limited to a USA approval; supporting evidence is not detailed in the abstract.; Open-label design; Overall survival result was based on a planned interim analysis.
Cited positive studies (2)
Bevacizumab2 positive2 human
Limitations: Relatively small randomized sample (100 patients).; Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS (no central review stated).; Overall survival and longer-term outcomes not reported in the abstract.; Single-country (China) population may limit generalizability to other populations.; Adverse-event denominators reported in the abstract are inconsistent with the randomized-arm counts, which complicates interpretation of safety rates.; Progression-free survival was the primary endpoint; overall survival results are not reported in the abstract..
Cited positive studies (2)
Olaparib2 positive1 human
Limitations: Single-patient case report (n=1) limits generalizability.; No control or comparison group to assess treatment effect.; Relatively short follow-up (reported disease-free status at 18 months only).; No dosing details provided for chemotherapy or olaparib in the abstract.; Overall survival difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.054).; Overall survival was unadjusted for subsequent PARP inhibitor therapy in 38% of placebo patients, which may confound interpretation..
Cited positive studies (2)
Preclinical only: lab / animal (3)
Paclitaxel1 positive
Limitations: Single-patient case report (n=1) limits generalizability.; No control or comparison group to assess treatment effect.; Relatively short follow-up (reported disease-free status at 18 months only).; No dosing details provided for chemotherapy or olaparib in the abstract..
Cited positive studies (1)
Carboplatin1 positive
Limitations: Single-patient case report (n=1) limits generalizability.; No control or comparison group to assess treatment effect.; Relatively short follow-up (reported disease-free status at 18 months only).; No dosing details provided for chemotherapy or olaparib in the abstract..
Cited positive studies (1)
Fuzuloparib1 positive
Limitations: Review article; no original study data in the abstract.; No efficacy or safety results are reported in the abstract.; No comparator, sample size, or quantitative outcomes are provided..
Cited positive studies (1)

Evidence at a glance: compounds studied in Fallopian Tube Cancer

A deterministic grade of what published studies report for each: strength of evidence, the reported direction, and the largest credible effect, strongest-evidence first. This summarizes findings; it is not a claim that anything works.

RelacorilantHuman trial / meta-analysisMixed results3 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Largest credible effect: progression-free survival hazard ratio 0.7 [0.54–0.91], p p=0.0076, n=381 PMID 40473448 · hazard ratios 0.36–0.7 across 5 studies

Most authoritative study: Relacorilant and nab-paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (ROSELLA): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial

Findings conflict across studies · Effect sizes reported in only 2 of 4 studies.
BevacizumabHuman trial / meta-analysisReported positive2 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Largest credible effect: PFS hazard ratio 0.484 [0.388–0.605], p < .0001, n=484 PMID 22529265 · median-survival values 10.4–22.6 across 3 studies

Most authoritative study: First-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer or primary peritoneal cancer: a phase III randomized controlled trial

OlaparibHuman trial / meta-analysisReported positive1 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Largest credible effect: Median overall survival 51.7 mo [41.5–59.1], n=196 PMID 33743851 · effect sizes 6–18 across 2 studies

Most authoritative study: Olaparib tablets as maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation (SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21): a final analysis of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Nivolumab †RxHuman trial / meta-analysisInconclusive1 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Most authoritative study: ATHENA (GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45): a randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib as monotherapy (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib in combination with nivolumab (ATHENA-COMBO) as maintenance treatment following frontline platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer

No numeric effect sizes reported · Based on a single study.
RucaparibHuman trial / meta-analysisInconclusive1 human

Includes human trial or meta-analysis evidence.

Most authoritative study: ATHENA (GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45): a randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib as monotherapy (ATHENA-MONO) and rucaparib in combination with nivolumab (ATHENA-COMBO) as maintenance treatment following frontline platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer

No numeric effect sizes reported · Based on a single study.
Mirvetuximab SoravtansineHuman · observationalReported negative1 human

Human observational evidence only — no trials.

Largest credible effect: average age 62.4, n=5 PMID 30379722 · effect sizes 2–62.4 across 7 studies

Most authoritative study: Ocular Toxicity of Mirvetuximab

Based on a single study.
CarboplatinInsufficient evidenceReported positive

No primary experimental studies yet.

Largest credible effect: adjuvant chemotherapy courses 6, n=1 PMID 37592269 · effect sizes 6–18 across 2 studies

Most authoritative study: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer triggered by occult fallopian tube cancer: a case report

No human studies yet · Based on a single study.
FuzuloparibInsufficient evidenceReported positive

No primary experimental studies yet.

Most authoritative study: Fuzuloparib: First Approval

No human studies yet · No numeric effect sizes reported · Based on a single study.
PaclitaxelInsufficient evidenceReported positive

No primary experimental studies yet.

Largest credible effect: adjuvant chemotherapy courses 6, n=1 PMID 37592269 · effect sizes 6–18 across 2 studies

Most authoritative study: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer triggered by occult fallopian tube cancer: a case report

No human studies yet · Based on a single study.

Clinical trials in Fallopian Tube Cancer

39 ongoing · 92 completed · tracked from ClinicalTrials.gov. Recruiting is not the same as proven, and completed is not the same as positive — read the results. Not a recommendation.

Completed
38 stopped (terminated / withdrawn / suspended)

Search all trials on ClinicalTrials.gov →

Getting care & support

Nonprofit / Gov

Practical, vetted help for Fallopian Tube Cancer — advocacy, paying for treatment, second opinions, and caregivers.

If you’re struggling emotionally, you don’t have to wait.

Advocacy & community

No dedicated organization for this specific cancer is curated yet — these general organizations can help in the meantime.

Financial help

  • PAN Foundation ↗ — Copay assistance funds by diagnosis (funds open and close as money allows). · status changes often — check the fund’s site
  • HealthWell Foundation ↗ — Copay and premium assistance funds by disease. · status changes often — check the fund’s site
  • CancerCare — financial assistance ↗ — Limited grants plus free financial counseling. · status changes often — check the fund’s site
  • Family Reach ↗ — Help with everyday living costs (rent, transport, food) during treatment. · status changes often — check the fund’s site
  • NeedyMeds ↗ — Searchable directory of drug patient-assistance and discount programs. · status changes often — check the fund’s site
What you’ll typically need to apply
  • Your diagnosis and, if you have it, the specific drug/treatment name (from your care team).
  • Insurance details — your member ID card, or a note that you're uninsured (some funds require active insurance, some don't).
  • Proof of income and household size (recent pay stubs, a tax return, or a benefits letter) — most funds are income-based.
  • Your prescriber's contact information; some programs need the clinic to submit part of the application.
  • Apply early and re-check: funds open and close as money is available, so a closed fund may reopen.

General guidance — each program sets its own eligibility. Confirm requirements on the program’s site.

Help paying for the medicines on this page

Second opinions

Caregiver support

We list only non-profit and government resources — never product sellers — and take no affiliate fees. If a link is broken or a resource doesn't meet that bar, tell us.

Interactions & safety to check: Fallopian Tube Cancer

This is not a complete interaction check. It only covers the compounds we track and the signals reported in studies. A drug or supplement not listed here is not therefore safe. Bring your full medication and supplement list to your pharmacist and oncologist before changing anything.

Potential interactions: highest-stakes first

  • Nivolumab †Rx×immunosuppressantshigh-stakeshigh
    Avoid: Blunts efficacy (e.g., chronic steroids).
  • Nivolumab †Rx×Ipilimumabmoderate
    Synergize: Higher irAE but OS gains in melanoma.
  • Nivolumab †Rx×corticosteroidslow
    Use For IrAE: High-dose for toxicity; low-dose physiologic OK.

Safety considerations

Heading to an appointment? Get a printable one-page summary — studied compounds, open trials, interactions, and questions to ask.
Bring this to your appointment →